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The Neuropsychology of Movement and Movement Disorders: Neuroanatomical and Cognitive Considerations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 December 2017

Kathleen Y. Haaland ,
Richard P. Dum ,
Pratik K. Mutha ,
Peter L. Strick  and
Alexander I. Tröster
Kathleen Y. Haaland*
Affiliation:
Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Richard P. Dum
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Systems Neuroscience Institute, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Pratik K. Mutha
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Engineering and Center for Cognitive Science, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Peter L. Strick
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Systems Neuroscience Institute, Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, and Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Alexander I. Tröster
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Neuropsychology and Center for Neuromodulation, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Kathleen Y. Haaland, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences MSC09 5030, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001. E-mail: khaaland@unm.edu
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Abstract

This paper highlights major developments over the past two to three decades in the neuropsychology of movement and its disorders. We focus on studies in healthy individuals and patients, which have identified cognitive contributions to movement control and animal work that has delineated the neural circuitry that makes these interactions possible. We cover advances in three major areas: (1) the neuroanatomical aspects of the “motor” system with an emphasis on multiple parallel circuits that include cortical, corticostriate, and corticocerebellar connections; (2) behavioral paradigms that have enabled an appreciation of the cognitive influences on the preparation and execution of movement; and (3) hemispheric differences (exemplified by limb praxis, motor sequencing, and motor learning). Finally, we discuss the clinical implications of this work, and make suggestions for future research in this area. (JINS, 2017, 23, 768–777)

Keywords

Motor cortexPremotor cortexParietal lobeBasal gangliaCerebellumIdeomotor limb apraxiaLearningParkinson’s diseaseHuntington’s disease
Type
Section 1 – Brain Systems and Assessment
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 23 , Special Issue 9-10: Special Issue: Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the International Neuropsychological Society , October 2017 , pp. 768 - 777
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2017 

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