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Hippocampal Lateralization and Memory in Children and Adults

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2013

Laura Hopf ,
Maher A. Quraan ,
Michael J. Cheung ,
Margot J. Taylor ,
Jennifer D. Ryan  and
Sandra N. Moses
Laura Hopf
Affiliation:
Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario Departments of Diagnostic Imaging and Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario
Maher A. Quraan
Affiliation:
Krembil Neuroscience Centre & Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario
Michael J. Cheung
Affiliation:
Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario Departments of Diagnostic Imaging and Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario
Margot J. Taylor
Affiliation:
Departments of Diagnostic Imaging and Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
Jennifer D. Ryan*
Affiliation:
Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
Sandra N. Moses
Affiliation:
Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario Departments of Diagnostic Imaging and Neurosciences & Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Jennifer Ryan, Rotman Research Institute, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario, M6A 2E1. E-mail: jryan@research.baycrest.org
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Abstract

The neural organization of cognitive processes, particularly hemispheric lateralization, changes throughout childhood and adolescence. Differences in the neural basis of relational memory between children and adults are not well characterized. In this study we used magnetoencephalography to observe the lateralization differences of hippocampal activation in children and adults during performance of a relational memory task, transverse patterning (TP). The TP task was paired with an elemental control task, which does not depend upon the hippocampus. We contrasted two hypotheses; the compensation hypothesis would suggest that more bilateral activation in children would lead to better TP performance, whereas the maturation hypothesis would predict that a more adult-like right-lateralized pattern of hippocampal activation would lead to better performance. Mean-centered partial least squares analysis was used to determine unique patterns of brain activation specific to each task per group, while diminishing activation that is consistent across tasks. Our findings support the maturation hypothesis that a more adult-like pattern of increased right hippocampal lateralization in children leads to superior performance on the TP task. We also found dynamic changes of lateralization throughout the time course for all three groups, suggesting that caution is needed when interpreting conclusions about brain lateralization. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–11)

Keywords

Magnetoencephalography (MEG)HippocampusDevelopmentChildhood epilepsyLearningBrain mapping
Type
Symposia
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 19 , Issue 10 , November 2013 , pp. 1042 - 1052
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2013 

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