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Central Nervous System Manifestations of COVID-19: A Critical Review and Proposed Research Agenda

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2021

Kelsey C. Hewitt Open the ORCID record for Kelsey C. Hewitt [Opens in a new window] ,
David E. Marra Open the ORCID record for David E. Marra [Opens in a new window] ,
Cady Block Open the ORCID record for Cady Block [Opens in a new window] ,
Lucette A. Cysique Open the ORCID record for Lucette A. Cysique [Opens in a new window] ,
Daniel L. Drane ,
Michelle M. Haddad ,
Emilia Łojek ,
Carrie R. McDonald ,
Anny Reyes  and
Kara Eversole
...Show all authors
Kelsey C. Hewitt
Affiliation:
Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Atlanta, GA30329, USA
David E. Marra
Affiliation:
University of Florida, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL32610, USA
Cady Block*
Affiliation:
Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Atlanta, GA30329, USA
Lucette A. Cysique
Affiliation:
University of New South Wales, Department of Psychology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, 3004, Australia St. Vincent’s Applied Medical Research Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, 2011, Australia
Daniel L. Drane
Affiliation:
Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Atlanta, GA30329, USA Emory University, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, GA30322, USA
Michelle M. Haddad
Affiliation:
Emory University, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Atlanta, GA30329, USA
Emilia Łojek
Affiliation:
University of Warsaw, Department of Psychology, Warszawa, 00-183, Poland
Carrie R. McDonald
Affiliation:
University of California-San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA92093, USA
Anny Reyes
Affiliation:
University of California-San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA92093, USA
Kara Eversole
Affiliation:
James Madison University, Department of Graduate Psychology, Harrisonburg, VA22807, USA
Dawn Bowers
Affiliation:
University of Florida, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Gainesville, FL32610, USA
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Cady Block, Emory Brain Health Center, 12 Executive Park Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. E-mail: cady.block@emory.edu
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Abstract

Objective:

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared an outbreak of a new viral entity, coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), to be a worldwide pandemic. The characteristics of this virus, as well as its short- and long-term implications, are not yet well understood. The objective of the current paper was to provide a critical review of the emerging literature on COVID-19 and its implications for neurological, neuropsychiatric, and cognitive functioning.

Method:

A critical review of recently published empirical research, case studies, and reviews pertaining to central nervous system (CNS) complications of COVID-19 was conducted by searching PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and bioRxiv.

Results:

After considering the available literature, areas thought to be most pertinent to clinical and research neuropsychologists, including CNS manifestations, neurologic symptoms/syndromes, neuroimaging, and potential long-term implications of COVID-19 infection, were reviewed.

Conclusion:

Once thought to be merely a respiratory virus, the scientific and medical communities have realized COVID-19 to have broader effects on renal, vascular, and neurological body systems. The question of cognitive deficits is not yet well studied, but neuropsychologists will undoubtedly play an important role in the years to come.

Keywords

CoronavirusBrainNeuropsychologyCognitionCognitive functionMental health
Type
Critical Review
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 28 , Issue 3 , March 2022 , pp. 311 - 325
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2021

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Footnotes

Kelsey C. Hewitt and David E. Marra contributed equally to this work.

References

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