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The stability of seeds in external beam prostate radiotherapy and implications of migration in current practice: a systematic review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 October 2014

K. Soprun ,
C. Sale  and
K. Knight
K. Soprun*
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Andrew Love Cancer Centre (Barwon Health), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
C. Sale
Affiliation:
Andrew Love Cancer Centre (Barwon Health), Geelong, Victoria, Australia
K. Knight
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
*
Correspondence to: K. Soprun, Department of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia/Andrew Love Cancer Centre (Barwon Health), Geelong, Victoria, Australia. E-mail: kazzie86@hotmail.com
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Abstract

Purpose

To determine and summarise the literature on prostatic seed stability by investigating seed marker migration and loss in prostate cancer patients. In addition, documenting the implications of significant seed migration and loss in clinical practise.

Methods

PubMed and Sciencedirect databases were used to locate papers on the stability of gold seed markers in prostate patients treated with external beam radiation therapy. The search found 3,238 articles and ten articles were selected and reviewed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria for the scope of this literature review.

Results

Minimal migration and loss of seeds was observed in the literature reviewed, with the majority of authors reporting <2·0 mm migration within the prostate; however, there were individual cases reported outside of the 2·0 mm threshold. It was also found that significant migration had an impact on image matching, as well as, planning treatment volume margins.

Conclusion

Seed stability within the prostate has been proven, with most authors reporting minimal migration within a 2·0 mm threshold and minimal loss of seeds. Although individual cases can have significant migration and loss, if marker migration exceeds the 2·0 mm threshold, a protocol is required to deal with both non-significant and significant migration.

Keywords

external beam radiation therapygold seedsmigrationprostate cancer
Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice , Volume 14 , Issue 1 , March 2015 , pp. 56 - 62
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2014 

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