Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-zzh7m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T13:44:35.677Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Strengthening mechanisms of multiwalled carbon nanotube-reinforced Cu nanocomposite coatings during kinetic spray consolidation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2012

Kicheol Kang
Affiliation:
Kinetic Spray Coating Laboratory (NRL), Division of Materials Science& Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
Gyuyeol Bae
Affiliation:
Kinetic Spray Coating Laboratory (NRL), Division of Materials Science& Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
Changhee Lee*
Affiliation:
Kinetic Spray Coating Laboratory (NRL), Division of Materials Science& Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: chlee@hanyang.ac.kr
Get access

Abstract

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-reinforced copper (Cu) nanocomposite coatings were consolidated using kinetic spraying. Nanocomposite particles colliding with supersonic velocity led to severe plastic deformation and deposition and resulted in bimodal structural evolution by grain refinement and work hardening. These microstructural factors contributed to the remarkable strengthening of the nanocomposites in conjunction with Orowan looping of MWCNTs. In this study, the microstructural and physical metallurgical analyses were performed to understand the strengthening mechanisms of MWCNT/Cu nanocomposites consolidated by kinetic spraying.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Calvert, P.: A recipe for strength. Nature 399, 210 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Pantano, A., Parks, D.M., and Boyce, M.C.: Mechanics of deformation of single- and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. J. Mech. Phys. Solids 52, 789 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Dong, S.R., Tu, J.P., and Zhang, X.B.: An investigation of the sliding wear behavior of Cu-matrix composite reinforced by carbon nanotubes. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 313, 83 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Kim, K.T., Cha, S.I., and Hong, S.H.: Hardness and wear resistance of carbon nanotube-reinforced Cu matrix nanocomposites. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 449451, 46 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Daoush, W.M., Lim, B.K., Mo, C.B., Nam, D.H., and Hong, S.H.: Electrical and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-reinforced copper nanocomposites fabricated by electroless deposition process. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 513514, 247 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Guiderdoni, Ch., Estournès, C., Peigney, A., Weibel, A., Turq, V., and Laurent, Ch.: The preparation of double-walled carbon nanotube/Cu composites by spark plasma sintering, and their hardness and friction properties. Carbon 49, 4535 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Bakshi, S.R., Singh, V., McCartney, D.G., Seal, S., and Agarwal, A.: Deformation and damage mechanisms of multiwalled carbon nanotubes under high-velocity impact. Scr. Mater. 59, 499 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Kang, K., Bae, G., Kim, B., and Lee, C.: Thermally activated reactions of multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced aluminum matrix composite during the thermal spray consolidation. Mater. Chem. Phys. 133, 495 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Laha, T., Kuchibhatla, S., Seal, S., Li, W., and Agarwal, A.: Interfacial phenomena in thermally sprayed multiwalled carbon nanotube-reinforced aluminum nanocomposite. Acta Mater. 55, 1059 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Kang, K., Bae, G., Kim, B., and Lee, C.: Electrical and mechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotube-reinforced Al composite coatings fabricated by high velocity oxygen fuel spraying. Surf. Coat. Technol. 206, 4060 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Assadi, H., Gärtner, F., Stoltenhoff, T., and Kreye, H.: Bonding mechanism in cold gas spraying. Acta Mater. 51, 4379 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Kang, K., Yoon, S., Ji, Y., and Lee, C.: Oxidation dependency of critical velocity for aluminum feedstock deposition in kinetic spraying process. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 486, 300 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Bae, G., Xiong, Y., Kumar, S., Kang, K., and Lee, C.: General aspects of interface bonding in kinetic sprayed coatings. Acta Mater. 56, 4858 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Schmidt, T., Gärtner, F., and Kreye, H.: New developments in cold spray based on higher gas and particle temperatures. J. Therm. Spray Technol. 15, 488 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Kang, K., Bae, G., and Lee, C.: The restoration of face-centered cubic metals subjected to kinetic spraying. Metal. Mater. Int. (2012, accepted).Google Scholar
16.Borchers, C., Gärtner, F., Stoltenhoff, T., Assadi, H., and Kreye, H.: Microstructural and macroscopic properties of cold-sprayed copper coatings. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 10064 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Borchers, C., Gärtner, F., Stoltenhoff, T., and Kreye, H.: Microstructural bonding features of cold-sprayed face centered cubic metals. J. Appl. Phys. 96, 4288 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.King, P.C., Zahiri, H.S., and Jahedi, M.: Microstructural refinement within a cold-sprayed copper particle. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 40, 2115 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Kang, K., Park, H., Bae, G., and Lee, C.: Microstructure and texture of Al coating during kinetic spraying and heat treatment. J. Mater. Sci. 47, 4053 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Borchers, C., Gärtner, F., Stoltenhoff, T., and Kreye, H.: Formation of persistent dislocation loops by ultrahigh strain-rate deformation during cold spraying. Acta Mater. 53, 2991 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Kang, K., Won, J., Bae, G., Ha, S., and Lee, C.: Interfacial bonding and microstructural evolution of Al in kinetic spraying. J. Mater. Sci. 47, 4649 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Wang, K., Tao, N.R., Liu, G., Lu, J., and Lu, K.: Plastic strain-induced grain refinement at the nanometer scale in copper. Acta Mater. 54, 5281 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Etter, A.L., Baudin, T., Rey, C., and Pendle, R.: Microstructural and textural characterization of copper processed by ECAE. Mater. Charact. 56, 19 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.Sundararajan, G., Phani, P.S., Jyothirmayi, A., and Gundakaram, R.C.: The influence of heat treatment on the microstructural, mechanical and corrosion behavior of cold-sprayed SS 316L coatings. J. Mater. Sci. 44, 2320 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Lubrick, M., Mae, R.G., Severin, F., and Leshchynsky, V.: Young’s modulus of low-pressure cold-sprayed composites: An analysis based on a minimum contact area model. J. Mater. Sci. 43, 4953 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26.Kang, K., Bae, G., Won, J., and Lee, C.: Mechanical property enhancement of kinetic sprayed Al coatings reinforced by multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Acta Mater. 60, 5031 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27.Wu, X-K., Zhou, X-I., Cui, H., Zheng, X., and Zhang, J-S.: Deposition behavior and characteristics of cold-sprayed Cu-Cr composite deposits. J. Therm. Spray Technol. (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28.Humphreys, F.J. and Hatherly, M.: Recrystallization and Related Annealing Phenomena, 2nd ed. (Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, 2004), p. 26.Google Scholar
29.Meyers, M.A., Vöhringer, O., and Lubarda, V.A.: The onset of twinning in metals: A constitutive description. Acta Mater. 49, 4025 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Botcharova, E., Freudenberger, J., and Schultz, L.: Mechanical and electrical properties of mechanically alloyed nanocrystalline Cu–Nb alloys. Acta Mater. 54, 3333 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31.Hansen, N.: Hall–Petch relation and boundary strengthening. Scr. Mater. 51, 801 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32.George, R., Kashyap, K.T., Rahul, R., and Yamdagni, S.: Strengthening in carbon nanotube/aluminum (CNT/Al) composites. Scr. Mater. 53, 1159 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar