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A meta-analysis of the impact of open innovation on performance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen Open the ORCID record for Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen [Opens in a new window] ,
Fang Huang  and
Xiaowen Tian Open the ORCID record for Xiaowen Tian [Opens in a new window]
Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen*
Affiliation:
School of Business, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia6150, Australia Ba Ria-Vung Tau University, 80 Truong Cong Dinh Street, Vung Tau City, Vietnam
Fang Huang
Affiliation:
School of Business, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia6150, Australia
Xiaowen Tian
Affiliation:
School of Business, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia6150, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Thi Phuong Thao Nguyen, E-mail: thaonguyenal159@gmail.com
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Abstract

Using the meta-analysis technique, this research comprehensively reviews the existing open innovation (OI) literature, systematically aggregates empirical findings on the impact of OI on performance to identify key moderators and statistically tests the significance of these moderators in influencing the OI–performance relationship. Based on a comprehensive dataset of 2,377,123 firms and sub-firm units in 171 studies published from 2003 to 2018, this research demonstrates that the OI–performance relationship is significantly moderated by three key factors: performance measure, OI approach, and level of analysis. This research helps explain the conflicting findings regarding the OI–performance relationship in the existing literature, and contributes to the understanding of the effectiveness of OI practice.

Keywords

Firm performanceinbound and outboundinnovation performancelevel of analysismeta-analysisopen innovation
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Management & Organization , First View , pp. 1 - 18
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 2021

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