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A systematic review of facial plastic surgery simulation training models

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 December 2021

M A Mohd Slim Open the ORCID record for M A Mohd Slim [Opens in a new window] ,
R Hurley ,
M Lechner ,
T D Milner  and
S Okhovat
M A Mohd Slim*
Affiliation:
Department of ENT, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
R Hurley
Affiliation:
Department of ENT, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
M Lechner
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford School of Medicine, California, USA
T D Milner
Affiliation:
Department of ENT, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
S Okhovat
Affiliation:
University of British Columbia Division of Otolaryngology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
*
Author for correspondence: Dr Mohd Afiq Mohd Slim, Department of ENT, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, 1345 Govan Rd, GlasgowG51 4TF, Scotland, UK E-mail: chain1993@gmail.com
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Abstract

Objectives

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to a need for alternative teaching methods in facial plastics. This systematic review aimed to identify facial plastics simulation models, and assess their validity and efficacy as training tools.

Methods

Literature searches were performed. The Beckman scale was used for validity. The McGaghie Modified Translational Outcomes of Simulation-Based Mastery Learning score was used to evaluate effectiveness.

Results

Overall, 29 studies were selected. These simulated local skin flaps (n = 9), microtia frameworks (n = 5), pinnaplasty (n = 1), facial nerve anastomosis (n = 1), oculoplastic procedures (n = 5), and endoscopic septoplasty and septorhinoplasty simulators (n = 10). Of these models, 14 were deemed to be high-fidelity, 13 low-fidelity and 2 mixed-fidelity. None of the studies published common outcome measures.

Conclusion

Simulators in facial plastic surgical training are important. These models may have some training benefits, but most could benefit from further assessment of validity.

Keywords

LearningEducational ModelsSurgeonsCOVID-19Simulation TrainingFeedbackCurriculum
Type
Review Article
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 136 , Issue 3 , March 2022 , pp. 197 - 207
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of J.L.O. (1984) LIMITED.

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Footnotes

Dr M A Mohd Slim takes responsibility for the integrity of the content of the paper

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