Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c47g7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T04:11:41.360Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Size assessment of adenoid and nasopharyngeal airway by acoustic rhinometry in children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2007

Jin-Hee Cho ,
Dong-Hee Lee ,
Nam-Soo Lee ,
Yu-Sung Won ,
He-Ro Yoon  and
Byung-Do Suh
Jin-Hee Cho*
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Dong-Hee Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Nam-Soo Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Yu-Sung Won
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
He-Ro Yoon
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Byung-Do Suh
Affiliation:
Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
*
Address for correspondence: Jin Hee Cho, M.D., Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505, Panpo-dong, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-040, Korea. Fax: 82 2 595 1354 e-mail: entcho@cmc.cuk.ac.kr
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Adenoid hypertrophy is known as the most common cause of nasal obstruction in children; thus, adenoidectomy with, or without, tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in the paediatric population. Although many methods have been suggested, few studies have reported on how to assess adenoid size, pre-operatively. Acoustic rhinometry is an objective technique as well as a non-invasive method, which can be easily used in young children. This study confirmed that acoustic rhinometry is a non-invasive and objective technique for assessing the geometry of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Forty children were evaluated using symptomology, two different radiological measurements and acoustic rhinometry; the results were compared with endoscopic findings. Clinical symptoms and A/N ratio measured with Fujioka's method significantly correlated with the endoscopic assessment findings (r = 0.769 and 0.604 respectively). Significant increases in the cross-sectional area and volume of the nasopharynx were observed at the adenoid notch after adenoidectomy (p<0.005 and p<0.005, respectively). Acoustic rhinometry showed a high degree of correlation of which adenoid occupied the nasopharyngeal airway under endoscopic examination (r = 0.771). Thus, the study concluded that acoustic rhinometry can be as good an objective method for measuring adenoid sizes as endoscopy and can be used as one of the pre-operative examination tools for adenoidectomy.

Keywords

AdenoidsNasal obstructionNasal cavityEvaluation studies
Type
Main Articles
Information
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology , Volume 113 , Issue 10 , October 1999 , pp. 899 - 905
Copyright
Copyright © JLO (1984) Limited 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Cohen, D., Konak, S. (1985) The evaluation of radiographs of the nasopharynx. Clinical Otolaryngology 10: 73–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, L. M., Koltai, P. J., Scott, J. R. (1992) Lateral cervical radiographs and adenoid size: do they correlate? Ear Nose and Throat Journal 71(12): 638–642.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crepeau, J., Patriquin, H. B., Poliquin, J. F., Tetrault, L. (1982) Radiographic evaluation of the symptom-producing adenoid. Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery 90: 548–554.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Devgan, B. K., Leach, W. (1979) Assessment of adenoidal hyperplasia. Southern Medical Journal 72(5): 588–590.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elbrond, O., Hilberg, O., Felding, J. U., Andersen, O. B. (1991) Acoustic rhinometry, used as a method to demonstrate changes in the volume of the nasopharynx after adenoidectomy. Clinical Otolaryngology 16: 84–86.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elwany, S. (1987) The adenoidal-nasopharyngeal ratio (AN ratio): its validity in selecting children for adenoidectomy. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 101: 569–573.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fisher, E. W., Palmer, C. R., Daly, N. J., Lund, V. J. (1995) Acoustic rhinometry in the pre-operative assessment of adenoidectomy candidates. Ada Otolaryngologica (Stockh) 115: 815–822.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fujioka, M., Young, L. W., Girdany, B. R. (1979) Radio-graphic evaluation of adenoidal size in children: adenoidal-nasopharyngeal ratio. American Journal of Rhinology 133: 401–404.Google Scholar
Hibbert, J., Stell, P. M. (1979) A radiological study of the adenoid in normal children. Clinical Otolaryngology 4(5): 321–327.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hilberg, O., Jackson, A. C., Swift, D. L., Pedersen, O. F. (1989) Acoustic rhinometry: evaluation of nasal cavity geometry by acoustic reflection. Journal of Applied Physiology 66(1): 295–303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jackson, A. C., Olson, D. E. (1980) Comparison of direct and acoustical area measurements in physical models of human central airways. Journal of Applied Physiology 48(5): 896–902.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johannesson, S. (1968) Roentgenologic investigation of the nasopharyngeal tonsil in children of different ages. Ada Radiologica (Stockh) 7(4): 299–304.Google ScholarPubMed
Kim, Y. K., Kang, J. H., Yoo, Y. S. (1995) The change of the cross sectional area and the volume of the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Korean Journal of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Journal 38(1): 105–109.Google Scholar
Lender, H., Pirsig, W. (1990) Diagnostic value of acoustic rhinometry, patients with allergic and vasomotor rhinitis compared with normal controls. Rhinology 28: 5–16.Google Scholar
Lim, Y. K., Cheong, H. S. (1994) Assessment of nasopharyngeal airway by MRI in children. Korean Journal of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery 37(4): 776–782.Google Scholar
Maran, A. G., Gibb, A. G., Gibson, W. J., Asbury, D. L. (1971) Hypernasality, bony and soft tissue relationships. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 85(2): 105–111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roithmann, R., Cole, P., Chapnik, J., Shpirer, I., Hoffstein, V., Zamel, N. (1995) Acoustic rhinometry in the evaluation of nasal obstruction. Laryngoscope 105: 275–281.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Slawinski, E. B., Kossowska, E. D. (1993) The assessment of hypertrophy of nasopharyngeal tonsil by acoustical methods. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 27(3): 229–244.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sorensen, H., Solow, B., Greve, E. (1980) Assessment of the nasopharyngeal airway: a rhinomanometric and radio-graphic study in children with adenoid. Ada Otolaryngologica 89: 227–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, D. Y., Bernheim, N., Kaufman, L., Clement, P. (1997) Assessment of adenoid size in children by fibreoptic examination. Clinical Otolaryngology 22: 172–177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woo, H. Y., Cheong, H. S., Kang, J. H., Kim, J. T. (1995) Changes in nasal airway after adenotonsillectomy using acoustic rhinometry and Wright mini flowmeter. Korean Journal of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery 38(12): 1988–1992.Google Scholar
Wormald, P. J., Prescott, C. A. J. (1992) Adenoid: comparison of radiological assessment methods with clinical and endoscopic findings. Journal of Laryngology and Otology 106(4): 342–344.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zavras, A. I., White, G. E., Rich, A., Jackson, A. C. (1994) Acoustic rhinometry in the evaluation of children with nasal or oral respiration. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 18(3): 203–210.Google ScholarPubMed