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Chemotactic responses of Brugia pahangi infective third-stage larvae to tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-related compounds and amino acids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 December 2021

Y. Mitsui Open the ORCID record for Y. Mitsui [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Miura ,
K. Kato  and
Y. Aoki
Y. Mitsui*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523Japan
M. Miura
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523Japan Department of Eco-epidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523Japan
K. Kato
Affiliation:
Department of Eco-epidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523Japan
Y. Aoki
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523Japan Professor emeritus of Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523Japan
*
Author for correspondence: Y. Mitsui, E-mail: ymitsui@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

Since the exogenous compound tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) showed a potent chemoattractant activity for Brugia pahangi infective third-stage larvae (L3), it was assumed that, in natural infection to a host, filarial L3 can be expected to recognize an endogenous Tris-related compound. In addition, a few amino acids have been identified as water-soluble attractants for second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita, a plant parasitic nematode. Therefore, the present study assesses the in vitro chemotactic responses of B. pahangi L3 to Tris-related compounds and amino acids using an agar-plate assay. Among Tris-related compounds, 2-amino-1,3-propanediol (APD) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD) exhibited a potent chemoattractant activity for filarial L3 at a level similar to Tris. Furthermore, arginine (Arg) was identified as a potent attractant for filarial L3 among amino acids. In addition, filarial L3 were attracted to Arg, APD and AMPD in mild alkaline conditions rather than acidic conditions. The chemoattractant activity of the three compounds for filarial L3 was observed in concentrations between 6.3 and 200 mm. This is the first report to demonstrate that Arg, APD and AMPD are potent chemoattractants for B. pahangi L3. Endogenous Arg and APD, in particular, may be involved in the regulation of the chemotactic behaviour of filarial L3 in the infection to a host. The present results will help to elucidate the mechanism of filarial skin-penetrating invasion of a host.

Keywords

Brugia pahangifilariathird-stage larvaechemoattractantarginineserinol2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 95 , 2021 , e72
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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