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Transition induced by wall-normal vibration in flow around a flat plate with roughness

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 April 2022

Wenlin Huang Open the ORCID record for Wenlin Huang [Opens in a new window] ,
Zhiheng Wang ,
Dandan Xiao Open the ORCID record for Dandan Xiao [Opens in a new window] ,
Guang Xi  and
Xuerui Mao Open the ORCID record for Xuerui Mao [Opens in a new window]
Wenlin Huang
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
Zhiheng Wang*
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
Dandan Xiao*
Affiliation:
School of Aerospace Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
Guang Xi
Affiliation:
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, PR China
Xuerui Mao
Affiliation:
Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
*
†Email addresses for correspondence: wangzhiheng@mail.xjtu.edu.cn, ddxiao25@163.com
†Email addresses for correspondence: wangzhiheng@mail.xjtu.edu.cn, ddxiao25@163.com
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Abstract

The effects of wall-normal vibration on bypass transition in a boundary-layer flow over a flat plate with roughness elements in the form of circular cylinders are investigated using direct numerical simulations (DNS), linear Floquet analyses and dynamic mode decompositions (DMD). The vibration of the plate strengthens the streamwise vorticity, consequently enhancing the velocity streaks and reducing the critical Reynolds number for transition. A map is constructed to identify the coupling effect of the vibration amplitude and Reynolds number on transition. Among all investigated combinations of height and diameter of roughness, the critical Reynolds numbers at different vibration amplitude $A$ can be unified by a scaling function of $(1-10A)$. Two instability modes are identified in the vibration-induced transition process: a wake mode immediately downstream of the roughness, related to the inviscid Kelvin–Helmholtz instability of the wall-normal shear in the wake; and a streak mode, in response to the spanwise shear of the streaky flow, occurring further downstream. The first one results in the generation of central hairpin vortices which then feed the second one. Further development of the streak instability leads to two arrays of hairpin vortices. Results from linear Floquet analyses and DMD further confirm the two modes of instability observed in DNS. A quantitative study suggests that the amplification of vibration-induced disturbance by the base shear dominates the production of streamwise vorticity and subsequently the hairpin vortices.

JFM classification

Boundary Layers: Boundary layer stability Instability: Transition to turbulence Instability: Absolute/convective instability
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 940 , 10 June 2022 , A33
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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References

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