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Reynolds number effects on lipid vesicles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 August 2012

David Salac  and
Michael J. Miksis
David Salac*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
Michael J. Miksis
Affiliation:
Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: davidsal@buffalo.edu
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Abstract

Vesicles exposed to the human circulatory system experience a wide range of flows and Reynolds numbers. Previous investigations of vesicles in fluid flow have focused on the Stokes flow regime. In this work the influence of inertia on the dynamics of a vesicle in a shearing flow is investigated using a novel level-set computational method in two dimensions. A detailed analysis of the behaviour of a single vesicle at finite Reynolds number is presented. At low Reynolds numbers the results recover vesicle behaviour previously observed for Stokes flow. At moderate Reynolds numbers the classical tumbling behaviour of highly viscous vesicles is no longer observed. Instead, the vesicle is observed to tank-tread, with an equilibrium angle dependent on the Reynolds number and the reduced area of the vesicle. It is shown that a vesicle with an inner/outer fluid viscosity ratio as high as 200 will not tumble if the Reynolds number is as low as 10. A new damped tank-treading behaviour, where the vesicle will briefly oscillate about the equilibrium inclination angle, is also observed. This behaviour is explained by an investigation on the torque acting on a vesicle in shear flow. Scaling laws for vesicles in inertial flows have also been determined. It is observed that quantities such as vesicle tumbling period follow square-root scaling with respect to the Reynolds number. Finally, the maximum tension as a function of the Reynolds number is also determined. It is observed that, as the Reynolds number increases, the maximum tension on the vesicle membrane also increases. This could play a role in the creation of stable pores in vesicle membranes or for the premature destruction of vesicles exposed to the human circulatory system.

JFM classification

Biological Fluid Dynamics: Capsule/cell dynamics Biological Fluid Dynamics: Membranes Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Multiphase flow
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 711 , 25 November 2012 , pp. 122 - 146
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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