Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-jr42d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T22:25:44.741Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Near-wall turbulence modulation by small inertial particles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2021

Pedro Costa Open the ORCID record for Pedro Costa [Opens in a new window] ,
Luca Brandt Open the ORCID record for Luca Brandt [Opens in a new window]  and
Francesco Picano Open the ORCID record for Francesco Picano [Opens in a new window]
Pedro Costa*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Iceland, Hjardarhagi 2-6, 107Reykjavik, Iceland
Luca Brandt
Affiliation:
Linné FLOW Centre and SeRC (Swedish e-Science Research Centre), Department of Engineering Mechanics, KTH, SE-100 44Stockholm, Sweden
Francesco Picano
Affiliation:
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Venezia, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
*
†Email address for correspondence: p.simoes.costa@gmail.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We use interface-resolved simulations to study near-wall turbulence modulation by small inertial particles, much denser than the fluid, in dilute/semi-dilute conditions. We considered three bulk solid mass fractions, $\varPsi =0.34\,\%$, $3.37\,\%$ and $33.7\,\%$, with only the latter two showing turbulence modulation. The increase of the drag is strong at $\varPsi =3.37\,\%$, but mild in the densest case. Two distinct regimes of turbulence modulation emerge: for smaller mass fractions, the turbulence statistics are weakly affected and the near-wall particle accumulation increases the drag so the flow appears as a single-phase flow at slightly higher Reynolds number. Conversely, at higher mass fractions, the particles modulate the turbulent dynamics over the entire flow, and the interphase coupling becomes more complex. In this case, fluid Reynolds stresses are attenuated, but the inertial particle dynamics near the wall increases the drag via correlated velocity fluctuations, leading to an overall drag increase. Hence, we conclude that, although particles at high mass fractions reduce the fluid turbulent drag, the solid phase inertial dynamics still increases the overall drag. However, inspection of the streamwise momentum budget in the two-way coupling limit of vanishing volume fraction, but finite mass fraction, indicates that this trend could reverse at even higher particle load.

JFM classification

Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 922 , 10 September 2021 , A9
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Balachandar, S. & Eaton, J.K. 2010 Turbulent dispersed multiphase flow. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 42, 111–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Battista, F., Mollicone, J.-P., Gualtieri, P., Messina, R. & Casciola, C.M. 2019 Exact regularised point particle (ERPP) method for particle-laden wall-bounded flows in the two-way coupling regime. J. Fluid Mech. 878, 420–444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breugem, W.-P. 2012 A second-order accurate immersed boundary method for fully resolved simulations of particle-laden flows. J. Comput. Phys. 231 (13), 4469–4498.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Capecelatro, J., Desjardins, O. & Fox, R.O. 2018 On the transition between turbulence regimes in particle-laden channel flows. J. Fluid Mech. 845, 499–519.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, P. 2018 A fft-based finite-difference solver for massively-parallel direct numerical simulations of turbulent flows. Comput. Maths Applics. 76 (8), 1853–1862.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, P., Boersma, B.J., Westerweel, J. & Breugem, W.-P. 2015 Collision model for fully resolved simulations of flows laden with finite-size particles. Phys. Rev. E 92 (5), 053012.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Costa, P., Brandt, L. & Picano, F. 2020 Interface-resolved simulations of small inertial particles in turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 883, A54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crowe, C.T., Sharma, M.P.T. & Stock, D.E. 1977 The particle-source-in cell (psi-cell) model for gas-droplet flows. Trans. ASME: J. Fluids Engng 99 (2), 325–332.Google Scholar
Fornari, W., Formenti, A., Picano, F. & Brandt, L. 2016 The effect of particle density in turbulent channel flow laden with finite size particles in semi-dilute conditions. Phys. Fluids 28 (3), 033301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fröhlich, K., Schneiders, L., Meinke, M. & Schröder, W. 2018 Validation of lagrangian two-way coupled point-particle models in large-eddy simulations. Flow Turbul. Combust. 101 (2), 317–341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fukagata, K., Iwamoto, K. & Kasagi, N. 2002 Contribution of Reynolds stress distribution to the skin friction in wall-bounded flows. Phys. Fluids 14 (11), L73–L76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gualtieri, P., Picano, F., Sardina, G. & Casciola, C.M. 2015 Exact regularized point particle method for multiphase flows in the two-way coupling regime. J. Fluid Mech. 773, 520–561.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horne, W.J. & Mahesh, K. 2019 A massively-parallel, unstructured overset method to simulate moving bodies in turbulent flows. J. Comput. Phys. 397, 108790.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horwitz, J.A.K. & Mani, A. 2016 Accurate calculation of stokes drag for point–particle tracking in two-way coupled flows. J. Comput. Phys. 318, 85–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ireland, P.J. & Desjardins, O. 2017 Improving particle drag predictions in Euler–Lagrange simulations with two-way coupling. J. Comput. Phys. 338, 405–430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, J. & Moin, P. 1985 Application of a fractional-step method to incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. J. Comput. Phys. 59 (2), 308–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuerten, J.G.M. & Vreman, A.W. 2016 Collision frequency and radial distribution function in particle-laden turbulent channel flow. Intl J. Multiphase Flow 87, 66–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kulick, J.D., Fessler, J.R. & Eaton, J.K. 1994 Particle response and turbulence modification in fully developed channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 277, 109–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marchioli, C. & Soldati, A. 2002 Mechanisms for particle transfer and segregation in a turbulent boundary layer. J. Fluid Mech. 468, 283–315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehrabadi, M., Horwitz, J.A.K., Subramaniam, S. & Mani, A. 2018 A direct comparison of particle-resolved and point-particle methods in decaying turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 850, 336–369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pakseresht, P., Esmaily, M. & Apte, S.V. 2020 A correction scheme for wall-bounded two-way coupled point-particle simulations. J. Comput. Phys. 420, 109711.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Picano, F., Breugem, W.-P. & Brandt, L. 2015 Turbulent channel flow of dense suspensions of neutrally buoyant spheres. J. Fluid Mech. 764, 463–487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richter, D.H. 2015 Turbulence modification by inertial particles and its influence on the spectral energy budget in planar Couette flow. Phys. Fluids 27 (6), 063304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rouson, D.W.I. & Eaton, J.K. 2001 On the preferential concentration of solid particles in turbulent channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 428, 149–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sardina, G., Schlatter, P., Brandt, L., Picano, F. & Casciola, C.M. 2012 Wall accumulation and spatial localization in particle-laden wall flows. J. Fluid Mech. 699 (1), 50–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schneiders, L., Meinke, M. & Schröder, W. 2017 Direct particle–fluid simulation of Kolmogorov-length-scale size particles in decaying isotropic turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 819, 188–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sundaram, S. & Collins, L.R. 1997 Collision statistics in an isotropic particle-laden turbulent suspension. Part 1. Direct numerical simulations. J. Fluid Mech. 335, 75–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiederman, W.G., Luchik, T.S. & Bogard, D.G. 1985 Wall-layer structure and drag reduction. J. Fluid Mech. 156, 419–437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uhlmann, M. 2005 An immersed boundary method with direct forcing for the simulation of particulate flows. J. Comput. Phys. 209 (2), 448–476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vreman, A.W. 2007 Turbulence characteristics of particle-laden pipe flow. J. Fluid Mech. 584, 235–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, G., Fong, K.O., Coletti, F., Capecelatro, J. & Richter, D.H. 2019 Inertial particle velocity and distribution in vertical turbulent channel flow: a numerical and experimental comparison. Intl J. Multiphase Flow 120, 103105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yu, Z., Xia, Y., Guo, Y. & Lin, J. 2021 Modulation of turbulence intensity by heavy finite-size particles in upward channel flow. J. Fluid Mech. 913, A3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, L.H., Andersson, H.I. & Gillissen, J.J.J. 2010 Turbulence modulation and drag reduction by spherical particles. Phys. Fluids 22 (8), 081702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar