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Enhanced heat transport in thermal convection with suspensions of rod-like expandable particles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 October 2021

Shi-Yuan Hu Open the ORCID record for Shi-Yuan Hu [Opens in a new window] ,
Kai-Zhe Wang Open the ORCID record for Kai-Zhe Wang [Opens in a new window] ,
Lai-Bing Jia ,
Jin-Qiang Zhong Open the ORCID record for Jin-Qiang Zhong [Opens in a new window]  and
Jun Zhang Open the ORCID record for Jun Zhang [Opens in a new window]
Shi-Yuan Hu
Affiliation:
NYU-ECNU Joint Research Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai200062, China Applied Math Lab, Courant Institute, New York University, New York, NY10012, USA Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY10003, USA
Kai-Zhe Wang
Affiliation:
NYU-ECNU Joint Research Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai200062, China Applied Math Lab, Courant Institute, New York University, New York, NY10012, USA Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY10003, USA
Lai-Bing Jia
Affiliation:
NYU-ECNU Joint Research Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai200062, China Department of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Marine Engineering, University of Strathclyde, G4 0LZGlasgow, UK
Jin-Qiang Zhong
Affiliation:
School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai200092, China
Jun Zhang*
Affiliation:
NYU-ECNU Joint Research Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai200062, China Applied Math Lab, Courant Institute, New York University, New York, NY10012, USA Department of Physics, New York University, New York, NY10003, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: jun@cims.nyu.edu
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Abstract

Thermal convection of fluid is a more efficient way than diffusion to carry heat from hot sources to cold places. Here, we experimentally study the Rayleigh–Bénard convection of aqueous glycerol solution in a cubic cell with suspensions of rod-like particles made of polydimethylsiloxane. The particles are inertial due to their large thermal expansion coefficient and finite sizes. The thermal expansion coefficient of the particles is three times larger than that of the background fluid. This contrast makes the suspended particles lighter than the local fluid in hot regions and heavier in cold regions. The heat transport is enhanced at relatively large Rayleigh number ($\textit {Ra}$) but reduced at small $\textit {Ra}$. We demonstrate that the increase of Nusselt number arises from the particle–boundary layer interactions: the particles act as ‘active’ mixers of the flow and temperature fields across the boundary layers.

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Turbulent convection Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow
Type
JFM Rapids
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 928 , 10 December 2021 , R1
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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References

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Hu et al. supplementary movie

The suspended PDMS particles interact with the background turbulent flows with several forms of interactions between particles and the boundary layers highlighted.

Download Hu et al. supplementary movie(Video)
Video 9.6 MB