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Cavity formation in the wake of falling spheres submerging into a stratified two-layer system of immiscible liquids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2016

Benedict C.-W. Tan ,
J. H. A. Vlaskamp ,
P. Denissenko  and
P. J. Thomas
Benedict C.-W. Tan
Affiliation:
Fluid Dynamics Research Centre, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
J. H. A. Vlaskamp
Affiliation:
Fluid Dynamics Research Centre, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
P. Denissenko
Affiliation:
Fluid Dynamics Research Centre, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
P. J. Thomas*
Affiliation:
Fluid Dynamics Research Centre, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
*
†Email address for correspondence: Peter.Thomas@warwick.ac.uk
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Abstract

We experimentally study the cavities forming in the wake of rigid spheres when submerging into a stratified, two-layer system of immiscible, quiescent liquids comprising a thin layer of oil above a deep pool of water. The results obtained for our two-layer system are compared with data from the literature for the corresponding type of cavities formed when spheres enter a homogeneous liquid that is not covered by an oil layer. The discussion and the data analysis reveal that the oil coating acquired by the spheres while propagating through the thin oil layer, before entering the pool of water underneath, substantially affects qualitative and quantitative aspects of the dynamics associated with the cavity formation. In particular, we observe the formation of a ripple-like pattern on the cavity walls which is not known to exist when spheres enter a homogeneous liquid. The data analysis suggests that the ripple patterns form as a consequence of a two-dimensional instability arising due to the shear between the oil layer coating the spheres and the ambient water.

JFM classification

Drops and Bubbles: Drops and Bubbles Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Multiphase flow
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 790 , 10 March 2016 , pp. 33 - 56
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Copyright
© 2016 Cambridge University Press 

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