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Unsteady dynamics of turbulent flow in the wakes of barchan dunes modulated by overlying boundary-layer structure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 June 2021

Nathaniel R. Bristow Open the ORCID record for Nathaniel R. Bristow [Opens in a new window] ,
Gianluca Blois Open the ORCID record for Gianluca Blois [Opens in a new window] ,
James L. Best Open the ORCID record for James L. Best [Opens in a new window]  and
Kenneth T. Christensen Open the ORCID record for Kenneth T. Christensen [Opens in a new window]
Nathaniel R. Bristow
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556, USA
Gianluca Blois
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556, USA
James L. Best
Affiliation:
Departments of Geology, Geography and GIS, Mechanical Science and Engineering and Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1301 W. Green St., Urbana, IL61801, USA
Kenneth T. Christensen*
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556, USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556, USA CO2 Storage Division, International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (I2CNER), Kyushu University, Japan
*
†Email address for correspondence: kenneth.christensen@iit.edu
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Abstract

The dynamics of turbulent flow structures in the wakes of barchan dunes is investigated to understand the complex, long-range interactions that occur between these three-dimensional bedforms. High-frame-rate stereo-particle image velocimetry measurements are collected from the cross-stream plane in a refractive-index-matched flume, wherein rigid models are immersed in the logarithmic region of a turbulent boundary layer. Through application of Taylor's hypothesis, limited-domain pseudo-three-dimensional reconstructions of the flow are made, wherein coherent structures are identified in the wake of an isolated barchan that resemble hairpin-like vortices. Amplitude modulation analysis, based on wavelet decomposition of velocity fluctuations and swirling strength, suggests a correlation between the shedding of these coherent structures and the passage of large-scale motions (LSMs) aloft in the turbulent boundary layer within which the barchan dune is immersed. Impulse analysis of shear stress events shows that, while the hairpin-like structures predominantly induce ejections of low-momentum fluid, the intermittent passage of an overlying high-momentum LSM yields intense sweep events as they impact the wall. Similar flow dynamics is found in dune–dune collision configurations involving barchan dunes arranged in tandem, with the exception that significant flow asymmetries are introduced, resulting in structures resembling single-legged hairpin-like (or ‘cane’) vortices being identified in conditional averages. These results provide insight into both the morphodynamics of dune interactions as well as the interactions between boundary-layer structure and roughness elements protruding into the log layer.

JFM classification

Turbulent Flows: Turbulent boundary layers Boundary Layers: Boundary layer structure Geophysical and Geological Flows: Topographic effects
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 920 , 10 August 2021 , A51
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

‡

Present Address: St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

§

Present Address: Department of Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA.

References

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