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Early-life origins of disparities in chronic diseases among Indigenous youth: pathways to recovering health disparities from intergenerational trauma

Part of: A Canadian perspective on DOHaD

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2018

W. Phillips-Beck ,
S. Sinclair ,
R. Campbell ,
L. Star ,
J. Cidro ,
B. Wicklow ,
L. Guillemette ,
M. I. Morris  and
J. M. McGavock
W. Phillips-Beck
Affiliation:
Nanaandawewigamig – First Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
S. Sinclair
Affiliation:
Nanaandawewigamig – First Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
R. Campbell
Affiliation:
Nanaandawewigamig – First Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
L. Star
Affiliation:
Nanaandawewigamig – First Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
J. Cidro
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
B. Wicklow
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada The DEVOTION Network, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
L. Guillemette
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada The DEVOTION Network, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
M. I. Morris
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada The DEVOTION Network, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
J. M. McGavock
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada The DEVOTION Network, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Abstract

Indigenous women and children experience some of the most profound health disparities globally. These disparities are grounded in historical and contemporary trauma secondary to colonial atrocities perpetuated by settler society. The health disparities that exist for chronic diseases may have their origins in early-life exposures that Indigenous women and children face. Mechanistically, there is evidence that these adverse exposures epigenetically modify genes associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. Interventions designed to support a resilient pregnancy and first 1000 days of life should abrogate disparities in early-life socioeconomic status. Breastfeeding, prenatal care and early child education are key targets for governments and health care providers to start addressing current health disparities in cardiometabolic diseases among Indigenous youth. Programmes grounded in cultural safety and co-developed with communities have successfully reduced health disparities. More works of this kind are needed to reduce inequities in cardiometabolic diseases among Indigenous women and children worldwide.

Keywords

colonizationindigenous doulaprenatal care
Type
Review
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 10 , Special Issue 1: Themed Issue: Canada / Indigenous Populations , February 2019 , pp. 115 - 122
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2018 

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