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Anthropometry from birth to 24 months among offspring of women with gestational diabetes: 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 December 2010

M. A. S. O. Dode ,
I. S. Santos  and
D. A. González
M. A. S. O. Dode*
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
I. S. Santos
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
D. A. González
Affiliation:
Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr M. A. S. O. Dode, Maria Alice Marechal Deodoro 1160/3° andar Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil 96020220. (Email malicedode@terra.com.br)
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare physical growth from birth to 2 years of age of babies born to women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), among the subjects of the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort. Mothers who gave birth in 2004 in any of the five maternity wards in the city of Pelotas, Southern Brazil, were interviewed shortly after delivery by trained interviewers, using tested, pre-coded questionnaires. GDM diagnosis was self-reported. Child weight, length and abdominal circumference were measured, and adjusted weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height Z-scores were calculated at birth, 3, 12 and 24 months. We studied 4239 children. Offspring of GDM mothers (OGDM; n = 125) had lower gestational age (GA; P = 0.004), greater weight (P = 0.002) and greater abdominal circumference (P < 0.001) at birth. Prevalence of large for GA (LGA) was threefold higher among OGDM (18.4% v. 6.8%). Mean weight-for-age (0.48 v. −0.07; P < 0.001) and weight-for-height (0.94 v. 0.51; P < 0.001) Z-scores were also higher among OGDM. During the first 3 months, there was an abrupt catch-down among OGDM babies, who remained lighter than non-GDM offspring until the 24th month. LGA OGDM were heavier than LGA offspring of non-GDM mothers at birth, but had caught down with babies born with adequate weight for GA to non-GDM by 3 months, and showed similar growth patterns from thereon. OGDM show different growth patterns when compared to offspring of non-GDM mothers, which may be part of a causal pathway or constitute a risk marker for future obesity, impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus.

Keywords

anthropometrycohort studygestational diabetes mellitus
Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease , Volume 2 , Issue 3 , June 2011 , pp. 144 - 151
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2010

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