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T lymphocyte proliferative capacity and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in primiparous and pluriparous lactating cows

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2008

Jalil Mehrzad  and
Xin Zhao
Jalil Mehrzad
Affiliation:
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Section Immunology, P.O. Box 917751793, Mashhad, Iran
Xin Zhao*
Affiliation:
McGill University, Department of Animal Science, Macdonald-Stewart Building 21, 111 Lakeshore Road Ste. Anne de Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Quebec, Canada
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: xin.zhao@mcgill.ca
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Abstract

T cells play a central role in specific immunity; their populations and phenotypes could be affected by number of lactation in high-yielding dairy cows. To investigate the effects of parity on the dynamics of T lymphocytes, lymphoproliferative capacity, T lymphocyte subsets and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were studied in peripheral blood of primiparous and pluriparous dairy cows during mid–late lactation. A non-radioactive technique was also adapted for a detailed lymphoproliferation assay. Compared with the primiparous cows, the pluriparous cows exhibited weaker lymphoproliferative activity, larger number of CD4+ cells and substantially greater CD4+/CD8+ ratio in their blood circulation. The increase of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the blood of pluriparous dairy cows was mainly due to the rise in the proportion of CD4+ cells and decline in the proportion of CD8+ cells. This increase of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio coincided with the decrease of mitogen-induced proliferation capacity of T lymphocytes. Of four lymphocyte divisions or generations during the lymphoproliferation assay, maximal lymphocyte proliferation capacity at generation 3 in primiparous cows was markedly greater than in pluriparous cows. With an alternatively safer, faster and more reproducible assay (compared with 3H-thymidine scintillation assay) we showed for the first time that aging in dairy cows leads to a decreased mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation and disturbed proportion between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This CD4+-CD8+ imbalance together with diminished lymphoproliferative capacity may lead to a weaker T cytotoxic-mediated immunity and increased susceptibility to infectious diseases in pluriparous lactating cows. Our study also emphasizes further application of the methods in farm animals.

Keywords

Lactating cowslymphocyte proliferationprimiparouspluriparousT cells
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 75 , Issue 4 , November 2008 , pp. 457 - 465
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2008

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