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Lorrie Moore Collection“Escape from the Invasion of the Love-Killers”: Lorrie Moore's Metafictional Feminism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2012

Abstract

Lorrie Moore's work offers up a comic exploration of the pain of womanhood and feminism, and a powerful metafictional critique of prevailing narratives. She melds a postmodern experimentation with a gendered sense of identity, focussing on the fragmented self not just as a reaction against the constraints of a realist narrative, but as an opportunity to explore multiplicity and artistic agency. The principal focus of this essay is on Anagrams, a collection of linked short stories that has also been marketed as a novel. Anagrams offers a metafictional recycling of the alternative “stories” of the central character's life. This may be Moore's most overt play on masquerade and (re)invention, but, as will be explored, her oeuvre is suffused with women characters who attempt a variety of escapes from their presumed narrative closures and who also struggle with feminism and its consequent impact on their narrated lives. Moore admirably captures the angst attached to narrative disappointment; the desire for replication, reinvention and a shifting of responsibility; and the problematic landscape of feminism for her mature and maturing women characters. This essay explores Moore's fictional(ized) feminism and postfeminism and her characters' resort to masquerade as a legitimate response to contemporary angst and narrative tension.

Type
Lorrie Moore Collection
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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References

1 Moore, Lorrie, Anagrams (London: Faber and Faber, 1988; first published 1986), 63Google Scholar. Hereafter references to Anagrams will be cited parenthetically within the text.

2 Gaffney, Elizabeth, “Lorrie Moore: The Art of Fiction CLXVII,” Paris Review, 158 (Spring/Summer 2001), available at www.theparisreview.org/interviews/510/the-art-of-fiction-no–167-lorrie-moore, accessed 11 Sept. 2011Google Scholar

3 Thanks are offered to the anonymous reviewer of this essay for suggesting this phrasing.

4 Chodat, Robert, “Jokes, Fiction, and Lorrie Moore,” Twentieth-Century Literature, 52, 1 (Spring 2006), 4260, 43CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

5 Ibid., 45, 58.

6 Kelly, Alison, Understanding Lorrie Moore (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2009), 6Google Scholar.

7 Ibid., 43.

8 Macpherson, Heidi Slettedahl, Women's Movement: Escape as Transgression in North American Feminist Fiction (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2000), 186–87Google Scholar, original emphasis.

9 Gaffney.

10 Tasker, Yvonne and Negra, Diane, eds., Interrogating Postfeminism: Gender and the Politics of Popular Culture (Durham: Duke University Press, 2007), 19CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

11 See, for example, Macpherson; Whelehan, Imelda, Modern Feminist Thought: From the Second Wave to “Post-Feminism” (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1995)Google Scholar; Modleski, Tania, Feminism without Women: Culture and Criticism in a “Postfeminist” Age (New York: Routledge, 1991)Google Scholar; Greene, Gayle, Changing the Story: Feminist Fiction and the Tradition (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991)Google Scholar; and the essays in Gamble, Sarah, ed., The Routledge Companion to Feminism and Postfeminism (London: Routledge, 2001; first published 1998)Google Scholar, as well as the articles listed below.

12 Kavka, Misha, “Feminism, Ethics, and History, or What Is the ‘Post’ in Postfeminism?,” Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature, 21, 1 (2002), 31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

13 Ibid., 29, 32.

14 Tasker and Negra, 8.

15 Modleski, 3.

16 See both Whelehan, Modern Feminist Thought; and idem, Overloaded: Popular Culture and the Future of Feminism (London: The Women's Press, 2000).

17 Tasker and Negra, 22.

18 Lorrie Moore, “Community Life,” in idem, Birds of America (London: Faber and Faber, 1999; first published 1998), 72. Hereafter cited parenthetically in the text. There may be a coded reference to, amongst other things, Roland Barthes's Mythologies (1957) here, particularly the essay “The Iconography of the Abbé Pierre,” with its focus on the sign and significance of hairstyle.

19 Lorrie Moore, “Agnes of Iowa,” in Birds of America, italics in original. Hereafter cited parenthetically in the text.

20 Kavka, 39.

21 “Lorrie Moore, “Terrific Mother,” in Birds of America, 278, italics in original. Hereafter cited parenthetically in the text.

22 Tasker and Negra 4, 2.

23 Moore, Lorrie, A Gate at the Stairs (London: Faber and Faber, 2009), 106Google Scholar. Hereafter cited parenthetically in the text.

24 Kelly, Understanding Lorrie Moore, 44.

25 Weekes, Karen, “Identity in the Short Story Cycles of Lorrie Moore,” Journal of the Short Story in English, 39 (2002), 115.Google Scholar

26 Greene, Changing the Story, 1–2.

27 Karen Weekes, “Postmodernism in Women's Short Story Cycles: Lorrie Moore's Anagram,” in Farhat Iftekharrudin, Joseph Boyden, Mary Rohrberger and Jaie Claudet, eds., The Postmodern Short Story: Forms and Issues (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003), 9.

28 Moore, Lorrie, The Collected Stories (London: Faber and Faber, 2008), viii.Google Scholar

29 Chodat, “Jokes, Fiction, and Lorrie Moore,” 58.

30 Brooks, Peter, Reading for the Plot: Design and Intention in Narrative (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992; first published 1984), 99100Google Scholar, italics in original.

31 Weekes, “Postmodernism,” 99

32 Kelly, 55.

33 Gaffney.

34 Frye, Joanne S., Living Stories Telling Lives: Women and the Novel in Contemporary Experience (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1986), 59.Google Scholar

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36 Hawkesworth, Mary, “The Semiotics of Premature Burial: Feminism in a Postfeminist Age,” Signs, 29, 4 (2004), 971, 974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

37 Tasker and Negra, Interrogating Postfeminism, 4.

38 Lorrie Moore, “Charades,” in Birds of America, 96.

39 Ibid., 105.