Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T13:52:53.670Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Utility of Rhizobium in the phyllosphere of crop plants in nitrogen-free sand culture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

A. S. Nandi
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, India
B. Sengupta
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, India
S. P. Sen
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, India

Summary

Soya bean, mung bean, Bengal gram and lentil grown in nitrogenless sand culture and sprayed with suspensions of different strains of Rhizobium showed increases in dry weight, chlorophyll and N-content. In a few cases the performance of Rhizobium applied to the phyllosphere was almost as good as a seed inoculation treatment. The beneficial effect of spraying Rhizobiumstrains was independent of the specificity of cross-inoculation groups. Nitrogenase activity as indicated by acetylene reduction by the Rhizooium-leaf association varied between 460 and 723 nmol/g leaf/h.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Arnon, D. I. (1949). Copper enzyme in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology 24, 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bednarski, M. A. & Reporter, M. (1978). Expression of rhizobial nitrogenase: influence of plant cell-conditioned medium. Applied Environmental Microbiology 36, 115220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bhaduri, S. N. (1951). Influence of the number of Rhizobium supplied on the subsequent nodulation of the legume host plant Annals of Botany (New Series) 15, 209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Child, J. J. & Kurz, W. G. W. (1978). Inducing effect of plant cells on nitrogenase activity by Spirillum, and Rhizobium in vitro. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 24, 143148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Child, J. J. & LaRue, T. A. (1974). A simple technique for the establishment of nitrogenase in soybean callus culture. Plant Physiology 53, 8890.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henson, I. E. & Wheeler, C. T. (1976). Hormones in plants bearing nitrogen-fixing root nodules: the distribution of cytokinins in Vicia faba L. New Phytologist 76, 433439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keister, D. L. (1975). Acetylene reduction by pure cultures of rhizobia. Journal of Bacteriology 123, 12651268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kurz, W. G. W. & LaRue, T. A. (1975). Nitrogenase activity in rhizobia in absence of plant host. Nature 256, 407409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LaRue, T. A. & Kurz, W. G. W. (1973). Estimation of nitrogenase using a colorimetric determination of ethylene. Plant Physiology 51, 10741075.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McComb, J. A., Elliot, J. & Dilworth, M. J. (1975). Acetylene reduction by Rhizobium in pure culture. Nature 256, 409410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Misushtin, E. N. & Shil'nikova, V. K. (1971). Biological Fixation of Atmospheric Nitrogen. London: McMillan.Google Scholar
Nandi, A. S. (1979). Studies on nitrogen-fixing micro-organisms: some aspect of the possibilities of agricultural exploitation of biological nitrogen-fixation. Ph.D. thesis, Kalyani University.Google Scholar
Nandi, A. S. & Sen, S. P. (1982). Utility of Rhizobium in the phyllosphere of crop plants: two-way exchange of metabolites between Rhizobium and the host plant. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 98, 179182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pagan, J. D., Child, J. J., Scowcroft, W. R. & Gibson, A. H. (1975). Nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium cultured on defined medium. Nature 256, 406407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reporter, M. (1976). Synergistic cultures of Glycine max root cells and rhizobia separated by membrane filters. Plant Physiology 57, 651655.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reporter, M. & Hermina, N. (1975). Acetylene reduction of transfilter suspension cultures of Rhizobium japonicum. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 64, 11261133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sengupta, B., Sen, M. & Sen, S. P. (1976). Biological nitiogen fixation and nitrogen nutrition of crop plants. In Nitrogen Assimilation and Crop Productivity (ed. Sen, S. P., Abrol, Y. P. and Sinha, S. K.). New Delhi: Associated Publishing.Google Scholar
Syono, K., Newcomb, W. & Torrey, J. G. (1976). Cytokinin production in relation to the development of pea root nodules. Canadian Journal of Botany 54, 21552162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tjepkema, J. D. & Evans, H. J. (1975). Nitrogen fixation by free-living Rhizobium in a defined liquid medium. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 65, 625628.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tukey, H. B. (1970). The leaching of substances from plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 21, 305324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Werner, D. (1976). Nitrogenase activity in the in vitro symbiosis of Rhizobium japonicum and tissue cultures of Glycine max and in Rhizobium in pure culture on defined media. Berichte Deutsche Botanische Gesselschaft 89, 563574.CrossRefGoogle Scholar