Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c47g7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-16T12:24:03.882Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A predictive model of seasonal changes in herbage digestibility

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

A. W. Illius
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 ZJO

Summary

A quantitative description of the factors underlying seasonal changes in herbage digestibility is developed and applied to sets of data from S. 24 and S. 23 perennial ryegrass. A new variable, relative maturity, is used to describe the effect of defoliation in interrupting the process of tiller maturation which leads to the decline in digestibility. For S. 24, the model explained 95·5% of variation in digestibility decline, R.S.D. = 1·07, allowing accurate prediction of digestibility. For S. 23, 87·5% of variation was explained, R.S.D. = 1·85. The model for S. 24 also worked well on data from a different site, nitrogen level and cutting regime, and the question of the model's generality is discussed. Relative maturity appears to be a useful concept in describing the physiological maturity of swards under different harvesting regimes.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Behaeghe, T. J. & Cablier, L. A. (1974). Influence of nitrogen levels on quality and yield of herbage under mowing and grazing conditions. Vaxtodling 28, 5266.Google Scholar
Campbell, A. G. (1964). Grazed pasture parameters: dead herbage, net gain and utilization of pasture. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production 24, 1728.Google Scholar
Christian, K. R., Freer, M., Donelly, J. R., Davidson, J. L. & Armstrong, J. S. (1978). Simulation of Grazing Systems. Wageningen: Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation.Google Scholar
Corrall, A. J. (1974). The effect of interruption of flower development on the yield and quality of perennial ryegrass. Vaxtodling 29, 3943.Google Scholar
Corrall, A. J. & Fenlon, J. S. (1978). A comparative method for describing the seasonal distribution of production from grasses. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 91, 6167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Demarquilly, C. (1970). Feeding value of green forages as influenced by nitrogen fertilization. Annales de Zootechnie 19, 423437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Denium, B. (1984). Chemical composition and nutritive value of herbage in relation to climate. Proceedings of the 10th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, As, Norway, pp. 338350.Google Scholar
Denium, B. & Dirven, J. G. P. (1974). A model for the description of the effects of different environmental factors on the nutritive value of forages. Proceedings of the Xllth International Grassland Congress, Moscow 1, 339346.Google Scholar
Dickinson, N. M. (1983). Decomposition of grass litter in a successional grassland. Pedobiologia 25, 117126.Google Scholar
Edelsten, P. R. & Corrall, A. J. (1979). Regression models to predict herbage production and digestibility in a non-regular sequence of cuts. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 92, 575585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Floate, M. J. S. (1970 a). Decomposition of organic materials from hill soils and pasture. III. The effects of temperature on the mineralization of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from plant materials and sheep faeces. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2, 187196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Floate, M. J. S. (1970 b). Decomposition of organic materials from hill soils and pasture. IV. The effects of moisture content on the mineralisation of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from plant materials and sheep faeces. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2, 275283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harkess, R. D. & Alexander, R. H. (1969). The digestibility and productivity of selected herbage varieties. Journal of the British Grassland Society 24, 282289.Google Scholar
Harkess, R. D., Frame, J. & Hunt, I. V. (1971). Factors affecting the digestibility of herbage species in artificial pastures. Proceedings of the 4th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation, Lausanne.Google Scholar
Huguet, L. & Gillet, M. (1974). The influence of nitrogen fertiliser and autumn management on the quality of green forages. Vaxtodling 29, 100110.Google Scholar
Kaiser, C. J., Matches, A. G., Martz, F. A. & Mott, G. O. (1974). Seasonal trend of in vitro dry matter digestibility and animal performance from grazed tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) pastures. Proceedings of the XJIth International Grassland Congress, Moscow 3, 225236.Google Scholar
Minson, D. J., Raymond, W. F. & Harris, C. E. (1960). Studies in the digestibility of herbage. VIII. The digestibilities of S. 37 cocksfoot, S. 23 ryegrass and S. 24 ryegrass. Journal of the British Grassland Society 15, 174180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, J., Jackson, M. V. & Sparrow, P. E. (1980). The response of perennial ryegrass to fertiliser nitrogen in relation to climate and soil. Technical Report No. 27. Hurley, England: Grassland Research Institute.Google Scholar
National Institute of Agricultural Botany (1984). Recommended varieties of grasses, 1984/85. National Institute of Agricultural Botany, Farmers Leaflet No. 16, 24 pp.Google Scholar
Pearse, P. J. & Wilman, D. (1984). Effects of applied nitrogen on grass leaf initiation, development and death in field swards. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 103, 405413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robson, M. J. (1981). Potential production – what is it and can we increase it?. In Plant Physiology and Herbage Production (ed. Wright, C. E.), pp. 518. Occasional Symposium 13, Hurley: British Grassland Society.Google Scholar
Scottish Agricultural Colleges (1984). Classification of grass and clover varieties for Scotland 1984–85. Publication No. 132.Google Scholar
Sibbald, A. R., Maxwell, T. J. & Eadie, J. (1979). A conceptual approach to the modelling of herbage intake by hill sheep. Agricultural Systems 4, 119134.Google Scholar
Tayler, J. C. & Deriaz, R. E. (1964). The use of rumen-fistulated steers in the direct determination of nutritive value of ingested herbage in grazing experiments. Journal of the British Grassland Society 19, 2938.Google Scholar
Terry, R. A., Osbourn, D. F., Cammell, S. B. & Fenlon, J. S. (1974). In vitro digestibility and the estimation of energy in herbage. Vaxtodling 28, 1925.Google Scholar
Terry, R. A. & Tilley, J. M. A. (1964). The digestibility of the leaves and stems of perennial ryegrass, cocksfoot, timothy, tall fescue, lucerne and sainfoin, as measured by an in vitro procedure. Journal of the British Grassland Society 19, 363372.Google Scholar
Vine, D. A. (1983). Sward structure changes within a perennial ryegrass sward: leaf appearance and death. Grass and Forage Science 38, 231242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilman, D. (1975). Nitrogen and Italian ryegrass. 1. Growth up to 14 weeks: dry matter yield and digestibility. Journal of the British Grassland Society 30, 141147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilman, D., Koocheki, A. & Lwoga, A. B. (1976). The effect of interval between harvests and nitrogen application on the proportion and yield of crop fractions and on the digestibility and digestible yield and nitrogen content and yield of two perennial ryegrass varieties in the second harvest year. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 87, 5974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilman, D. & Mares, Martins V. M. (1977). Senescence and death of herbage during periods of regrowth in ryegrass and red and white clover, and the effect of applied nitrogen. Journal of Applied Ecology 14, 615620.Google Scholar
Wilson, J. R. (1982). Environmental and nutritional factors affecting herbage quality. In Nutritional Limits to Animal Production from Pastures (ed. Hacker, J. B.). Slough: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Wilson, J. R. (1983). Effects of water stress on in vitro dry matter digestibility and chemical composition of herbage of tropical pasture species. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 34, 377390.Google Scholar