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The effect of heat stress on quinoa (cv. Titicaca) under controlled climatic conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2020

Jorge Alvar-Beltrán Open the ORCID record for Jorge Alvar-Beltrán [Opens in a new window] ,
Leonardo Verdi ,
Anna Dalla Marta ,
Abdalla Dao ,
Roberto Vivoli ,
Jacob Sanou  and
Simone Orlandini
Jorge Alvar-Beltrán*
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI)-University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
Leonardo Verdi
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI)-University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
Anna Dalla Marta
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI)-University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
Abdalla Dao
Affiliation:
Institut de l'Environnement et Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Bobo Dioulasso BP910, Burkina Faso
Roberto Vivoli
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI)-University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
Jacob Sanou
Affiliation:
Institut de l'Environnement et Recherches Agricoles (INERA), Bobo Dioulasso BP910, Burkina Faso
Simone Orlandini
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI)-University of Florence, 50144 Florence, Italy
*
Author for correspondence: Jorge Alvar-Beltrán, E-mail: jorge.alvar@unifi.it
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Abstract

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is capable of adapting to multiple environments and tolerating abiotic stresses including saline, drought and frost stress conditions. However, the introduction of quinoa into new environments has disclosed adaptation challenges. The principle factor affecting crop pollination is heat stress at flowering, which leads to sterile plants. To investigate the effect of high temperatures during the sensitive phenological phases, flowering and seed germination, a Danish-bred cultivar (cv. Titicaca) was grown in climatic chambers. Selection of the cv. Titicaca was based on the fact that it is the most extensively used cultivar in the Sahel and Middle East and North African region. The results of this research demonstrated that temperatures exceeding 38 °C hindered seed germination and pollination, and therefore, seed yield at harvest. At 38 °C, seed yield losses were 30%, whilst seed germination percentage declined below 50%. In addition, the results of the present research were compared with field observations from Burkina Faso in order to determine the spatiotemporal suitability of this crop with respect to temperature stress. Although many other abiotic stresses need to be considered when defining crop calendars (e.g. heavy precipitation in July and August), this research proposes the following growing periods to avoid heat-stress conditions at flowering: Sahel (July–September and November–February), Soudano–Sahel (June–February) and Soudanian zone (all year round).

Keywords

Sahel & MENA regionabiotic stressesthermo tolerant cropsclimate change
Type
Climate Change and Agriculture Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 158 , Issue 4 , May 2020 , pp. 255 - 261
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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