Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-01T21:51:15.992Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Surface collection and offsite studies at Tell Hamoukar, 1999

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2014

Extract

The new program of excavations of the Syrian-American Expedition to Tell Hamoukar, Hassake province, northeastern Syria, began with an initial season in Fall 1999. The project includes among its goals the study of the expansion and contraction of settlement on the site, as well as the relationship of the urbanization process on Hamoukar to regional settlement trends. Our initial step was to document the chronology and scale of this process through a controlled surface collection on Tell Hamoukar itself. In addition, we made some initial attempts at documenting the archaeological landscape near the site by recording traces of ancient roads (hollow ways) and making controlled collection of field scatters.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The British Institute for the Study of Iraq 2002 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abu al-Soof, B. 1966. Short Sounding at Tell Qalinj Agha (Erbil). Sumer 22: 7782.Google Scholar
Algaze, G. 1990. Town and Country in Southeastern Anatolia Vol. II: The Stratigraphie Sequence at Kurban Höyük. Oriental Institute Publications 110. Chicago: Oriental Institute.Google Scholar
Algaze, G., D'Altroy, T., Frangipane, M., Nissen, H. J., Pittman, H., Pollock, S., Rothman, M., Schwartz, G., Stein, G., and Wright, H.. 1998. School of American Research Advanced Seminar: Mesopotamia in the Era of State Formation. http://www.science.widener.edu/ssci/mesopotamia/ Google Scholar
Ball, W. 1997. Tell Shelgiyya: An Early Uruk “Sprig Ware” Manufacturing and Exporting Centre on the Tigris. al-Rafidan 17: 93104.Google Scholar
Ball, W., Tucker, D., and Wilkinson, T. J.. 1989. The Tell al-Hawa Project: Archaeological Investigations in the North Jazira. Iraq 51: 166.Google Scholar
Bernbeck, R. 1995. Don't Touch These Sherds! Orient-Express 1995: 8992.Google Scholar
Bintliff, J., and Snodgrass, A.. 1988. Off-Site Pottery Distributions: A Regional and Inter-Regional Perspective. Current Anthropology 29: 506–13.Google Scholar
Bretschneider, J. 1997. Die Unterstadt (Feld J). In Tell Beydar, Three Seasons of Excavations (1992-1994): A Preliminary Report, Subartu 3. Edited by Lebeau, M. and Suleiman, A., pp. 209–30. Turnhout: Brepols.Google Scholar
Bretschneider, J., and Jans, G.. 1997. Spätfrühdynastische und akkadische Keramik von der Hügelkuppe (Akropolis-Feld F). In Tell Beydar, Three Seasons of Excavations (1992–1994): A Preliminary Report, Subartu 3. Edited by Lebeau, M. and Suleiman, A., pp. 135–44. Turnhout: Brepols.Google Scholar
Buccellati, G., and Kelly-Buccellati, M.. Editors. 1988. Mozan I: The Soundings of the First Two Seasons. Bibliotheca Mesopotamica 20. Malibu: Undena.Google Scholar
Buccellati, G., and Kelly-Buccellati, M.. 1999. Das archäologische Projekt Tall Mozan/Urkesh. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft zu Berlin 131: 716.Google Scholar
Chisholm, M. 1962. Rural Settlement and Land Use: An Essay in Location. London: Hutchinson & Company.Google Scholar
Curtis, J. 1989. Excavations at Qasrij Cliff and Khirbet Qasrij. London: British Museum.Google Scholar
Curtis, J., and Green, A.. 1997. Excavations at Khirbet Khatuniyeh. London: British Museum.Google Scholar
Curvers, H., and Schwartz, G.. 1990. Excavations at Tell al-Raqa'i: A Small Rural Site of Early Urban Northern Mesopotamia. American Journal of Archaeology 94: 323.Google Scholar
Emberling, G., Cheng, J., Larsen, T. E., Pittman, H., Skuldeboel, T. B. B., Weber, J., and Wright, H. T.. 1999. Excavations at Tell Brak 1998: Preliminary Report. Iraq 61: 141.Google Scholar
Fielden, K. 1977. Tell Brak 1976: The Pottery. Iraq 39: 245–56.10.2307/4200073Google Scholar
Fielden, K. 1981. A Late Uruk Pottery Group from Tell Brak, 1978. Iraq 43: 157–66.Google Scholar
Fletcher, R. 1995. The Limits of Settlement Growth: A Theoretical Outline. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gallant, T. W. 1986. “Background Noise” and Site Definition: A Contribution to Survey Methodology. Journal of Field Archaeology 13: 404–18.Google Scholar
Gerritsen, F. A. 1996. Hellenistic and Roman-Parthian Pottery from the Balikh Valley, Northern Syria. Oudheidkundige Mededelingen uit het Rijksmuseum van Oudheden te Leiden 76: 93108.Google Scholar
Goodwin, J. 1995. The First Millennium B.C. Pottery. In Excavations at Kharabeh Shattani Vol. II. Edited by Baird, D., Campbell, S., and Watkins, T., pp. 91141. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh Department of Archaeology.Google Scholar
Green, A. 1999. The Ninevite Countryside: Pots and Places of the Eski-Mosul Region in the Neo-Assyrian and Post-Assyrian Periods. In Iron Age Pottery in Northern Mesopotamia, Northern Syria and SouthEastern Anatolia. Altertumskunde des Vorderen Orients Band 10. Edited by Hausleiter, A. and Reiche, A., pp. 91126. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.Google Scholar
Hijara, I. 1973. Excavations at Tell Qalinj Agha (Erbil) Fourth Season 1970. Sumer 29: 312 (Arabic section).Google Scholar
Hole, F. 2001. A radiocarbon chronology for the Middle Khabur, Syria. Iraq 63: 6798.Google Scholar
Hole, F., and Johnson, G.. 19861987. Umm Qseir on the Khabur: Preliminary Report on the 1986 Excavation. Les Annales Archéologiques Arabes Syriennes 36–37: 172220.Google Scholar
Holland, T. A. 1976. Preliminary Report on Excavations at Tell es-Sweyhat, Syria 1973–74. Levant 8: 3670.Google Scholar
Hrouda, B. 1958. Washshukanni, Urkish, Shubat Enlil: Ein Beitrag zur historischen Geographie des nördlichen Zweistromlandes. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft zu Berlin 90: 2235.Google Scholar
Jamieson, A. S. 1999. Neo-Assyrian Pottery from Tell Ahmar. In Iron Age Pottery in Northern Mesopotamia, Northern Syria and South-Eastern Anatolia. Altertumskunde des Vorderen Orients Band 10. Edited by Hausleiter, A. and Reiche, A., pp. 287308. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.Google Scholar
Kennedy, D. 1998. Declassified Satellite Photographs and Archaeology in the Middle East: Case Studies from Turkey. Antiquity 72: 553–61.Google Scholar
Kepinski, C. 1990. Tell Khoshi. American Journal of Archaeology 94: 275–7.Google Scholar
Lázaro, A. I. 1988. “The Period X Pottery,” in Hammam et-Turkman I, Vol. 2. Edited by Loon, M. N. Van, pp. 499559. Leiden: Nederlands Historisch-Archeologisch Instituut te Istanbul.Google Scholar
Lebeau, M. 1990. Esquisse d'une histoire de la Haute Mésopotamie au début de l'Age du Bronze. Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 80: 241–96.Google Scholar
Lebeau, M. 1993. Tell Melebiya, cinq campagnes de recherches sur le Moyen Khabour. Supplément Akkadica IX. Leuven.Google Scholar
Lebeau, M. 2000. Stratified Archaeological Evidence and Compared Periodizations in the Syrian Jezirah during the Third Millennium BC. In Chronologies des pays du Caucase et de l'Euphrate aux IVe-IIIe millénaires. Edited by Marro, C. and Hauptmann, H., pp. 167–92. Paris: Institut Français d'Etudes Anatoliennes d'Istanbul.Google Scholar
Lewis, N. N. 1987. Nomads and Settlers in Syria and Jordan, 1800-1980. Cambridge: Cambridgue University Press.Google Scholar
Lloyd, S. 1940. Iraq Government Soundings at Sinjar. Iraq 7: 1321.Google Scholar
Lloyd, S. 1954. Sultantepe (Part II). Anatolian Studies 4: 101–10.Google Scholar
Lumsden, S. 1999. Neo-Assyrian Pottery from Nineveh. In Iron Age Pottery in Northern Mesopotamia, Northern Syria and South-Eastern Anatolia. Altertumskunde des Vorderen Orients Band 10. Edited by Hausleiter, A. and Reiche, A., pp. 315. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.Google Scholar
Lyonnet, B. 1990. Prospection archéologique du site de Mohammed Diyab. In Tell Mohammed Diyab: Campagnes 1987 et 1988. Cahiers de N.A.B. U. 1. Edited by Durand, J.-M., pp. 71115. Paris: SEPOA.Google Scholar
Lyonnet, B. Editor. 2000. Prospection archéologique du Haut-Khabur occidental (Syrie du NE.) Vol. I. Bibliothèque archéologique et historique T. 155. Beirut: Institut Français d'archéoloqie du proche-orient.Google Scholar
Matthews, R. J. 1996. Excavations at Tell Brak, 1996. Iraq 58: 6577.Google Scholar
Matthews, R. J., Matthews, W., and McDonald, H.. 1994. Excavations at Tell Brak, 1994. Iraq 56: 177–94.Google Scholar
McClellan, T. L., and Porter, A.. 1995. Jawa and North Syria. Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan 5: 4965.Google Scholar
McMahon, A. 1998. The Kuyunjik Gully Sounding, Nineveh, 1989 & 1990 Seasons. Al-Rafidan 19: 132.Google Scholar
Meijer, D. J. W. 1986. A Survey in Northeastern Syria. Publications de l'Institut historique-archéologique néerlandais de Stamboul 53. Leiden: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul.Google Scholar
Meijer, D. J. W. 1990. An Archaeological Surface Survey: Some Assumptions and Ideas. In Tall al-Hamidiya 2. Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis Series Archaeologica 6. Edited by Eichler, S., Wäfler, M., and Warburton, D., pp. 3145. Freiburg and Göttingen: Universitätsverlag; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.Google Scholar
Numoto, H. 1988. Excavations at Tell Fisna. al-Rafidan 9: 172.Google Scholar
Oates Lines, J. 1954. Late Assyrian Pottery from Nimrud. Iraq 16: 164–7.Google Scholar
Oates, D., and Oates, J.. 1958. Nimrud 1957: The Hellenistic Settlement. Iraq 20: 114–57.Google Scholar
Oates, D., and Oates, J.. 1959. Ain Sinu: A Roman Frontier Post in Northern Iraq. Iraq 21: 207-42.10.2307/4199660Google Scholar
Oates, D., and Oates, J.. 1991. Excavations at Tell Brak 1990–91. Iraq 53: 127–45.Google Scholar
Oates, D., and Oates, J.. 1993. Excavations at Tell Brak 1992–93. Iraq 55: 155–99.Google Scholar
Oates, D., and Oates, J.. 1994. Tell Brak: A Stratigraphie Summary, 1976–1993. Iraq 56: 167–76.Google Scholar
Oates, J. 1959. Late Assyrian Pottery from Fort Shalmaneser. Iraq 21: 130–46.Google Scholar
Oates, J. 1982. Some Late Early Dynastic III Pottery from Tell Brak. Iraq 44: 205–19.10.2307/4200163Google Scholar
Oates, J. 1987. A Note on ‘Ubaid and Mitanni Pottery from Tell Brak. Iraq 49: 193–8.Google Scholar
Oates, J., and Oates, D.. 1997. An Open Gate: Cities of the Fourth Millennium BC (Tell Brak 1997). Cambridge Archaeological Journal 7: 287–97.Google Scholar
Orthmann, W. 1997. Chuera, Tell. In The Oxford Encylopedia of Archaeology in the Ancient Near East, Vol. 1. Edited by Meyers, E., pp. 491–2. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pearce, J. 2000. The Late Chalcolithic Sequence at Hacinebi Tepe, Turkey. In Chronologies des pays du Caucase et de l'Euphrate aux IVe-IIIe millénaires. Edited by Marro, C. and Hauptmann, H., pp. 115–43. Paris: Institut Français d'Etudes Anatoliennes d'Istanbul.Google Scholar
Porada, E., Hansen, D. P., Dunham, S., and Babcock, S.. 1992. Mespotamia. In Chronologies in Old World Archaeology, 3rd edition. Edited by Ehrich, R. W., pp. 77121. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Reade, J. 1968. Tell Taya (1967): Summary Report. Iraq 30: 234–64.Google Scholar
Reade, J. 1997. Taya, Tell. In The Oxford Encylopedia of Archaeology in the Ancient Near East, Vol. 5. Edited by Meyers, E., pp. 158–60. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Rosen, A. M. 1986. Cities of Clay: The Geoarchaeology of Tells. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Rothman, M. 1997. Tepe Gawra. In The Oxford Encylopedia of Archaeology in the Ancient Near East, vol. 5. Edited by Meyers, E., pp. 183–6. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Rothman, M. S. 1994. Sealing as a Control Mechanism in Prehistory: Tepe Gawra XI, X and VIII. In Chiefdoms and Early States in the Near East: The Organizational Dynamics of Complexity. Edited by Stein, G. and Rothman, M., pp. 103–20. Madison: Prehistory Press.Google Scholar
Schmidt, C. 1999. Die Keramik der Areale A-F in Kar-Tukulti-Ninurta. In Iron Age Pottery in Northern Mesopotamia, Northern Syria and South-Eastern Anatolia. Altertumskunde des Vorderen Orients Band 10. Edited by Hausleiter, A. and Reiche, A., pp. 6190. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag.Google Scholar
Schneider, G. 1989. A Technological Study of North-Mesopotamian Stone Ware. World Archaeology 21: 3050.Google Scholar
Schwartz, G. 1988a. A Ceramic Chronology from Tell Leilan: Operation 1. Yale Tell Leilan Research 1. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Schwartz, G. 1988b. Excavations at Karatut Mevkii and Perspectives on the Uruk/Jemdet Nasr Expansion. Akkadica 56: 141.Google Scholar
Schwartz, G. 1994a. Before Ebla: Models of Pre-State Political Organization in Syria and Northern Mesopotamia. In Chiefdoms and Early States in the Near East: The Organizational Dynamics of Complexity. Edited by Stein, G. and Rothman, M., pp. 153–74. Madison: Prehistory Press.Google Scholar
Schwartz, G. 1994b. Rural Economic Specialization and Early Urbanization in the Khabur Valley, Syria. In Archaeological Views from the Countryside: Village Communities in Early Complex Societies. Edited by Schwartz, G. and Falconer, S., pp. 1936. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Stein, G., and Wattenmaker, P.. 1990. The 1987 Tell Leilan Regional Survey: Preliminary Report. In Economy and Settlement in the Near East: Analyses of Ancient Sites and Materials. MASCA Research Papers in Science and Archaeology 7, supplement. Edited by Miller, N., pp. 818. Philadelphia: University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania.Google Scholar
Stein, G., and Wattenmaker, P.. in press. Settlement Trends and the Emergence of Social Complexity in the Leilan Region of the Habur Plains (Syria) from the Fourth to the Third Millennium BC. In The Origins of North Mesopotamian Civilization: Ninevite 5 Chronology, Economy, Society. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Stein, G. J. 1999. Rethinking World-Systems: Diasporas, Colonies, and Interaction in Uruk Mesopotamia. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.Google Scholar
Stronach, D. 1994. Village to Metropolis: Nineveh and the Beginnings of Urbanism in Northern Mesopotamia. In Nuove fondazioni nel Vicino Oriente antico: Realtà e ideologia. Edited by Mazzoni, S., pp. 85114. Pisa: Giardini.Google Scholar
Sürenhagen, D. 1986. The Dry Farming Belt: The Uruk Period and Subsequent Developments. In The Origins of Cities in Dry-Farming Syria and Mesopotamia in the Third Millennium B.C. Edited by Weiss, H., pp. 743. Guildford: Four Quarters.Google Scholar
Tobler, A. J. 1950. Excavations at Tepe Gawra, Vol. II: Levels IX–XX. Philadelphia: University Museum.Google Scholar
Tomita, T. 1998a. Pottery. In Excavations at Tell Umm Qseir in Middle Khabur Valley North Syria: Report of the 1996 Season. Al-Shark 1. Edited by Tsuneki, A. and Miyake, Y., pp. 141–60. Tsukuba: Dept. of Archaeology, University of Tsukuba.Google Scholar
Tomita, T. 1998b. Late Chalcolithic Chronology in Syria and Northern Mesopotamia. In Excavations at Tell Umm Qseir in Middle Khabur Valley North Syria: Report of the 1996 Season. Al-Shark 1. Edited by Tsuneki, A. and Miyake, Y., pp. 197201. Tsukuba: Dept. of Archaeology, University of Tsukuba.Google Scholar
Tsoar, H., and Yekutieli, . 1993. Geomorphological Identification of Ancient Roads and Paths on the Loess of the Northern Negev. Israel Journal of Earth Sciences 41: 209–16.Google Scholar
Tunca, Ö., McMahon, A., and Bagdo, A. M.. 2000. Première campagne de fouille à Chagar Bazar (Syrie). Orient-Express 2000: 89.Google Scholar
Van Liere, W. J. 1963. Capitals and Citadels of Bronze-Iron Age Syria and their Relationship to Land and Water. Les annales archéologiques de Syrie 13: 109–22.Google Scholar
Van Liere, W. J., and Lauffray, J.. 19541955. Nouvelle prospection archéologique dans la Haute Jezieh syrienne. Les annales archéologiques de Syrie 4–5: 129–48.Google Scholar
Wattenmaker, P. 1997. Kazane Hoyiik, 1995: Excavations at an Early City. In XVIII Kazi Sonuçlari Toplantisi, pp. 8191. Ankara: Republic if Turkey, Ministry of Culture, General Directorate of Monuments and Museums.Google Scholar
Weiss, H. 1983. Excavations at Tell Leilan and the Origins of North Mesopotamian Cities in the Third Millennium B.C. Paléorient 9: 3952.Google Scholar
Weiss, H. 1985. Tell Leilan and Shubat Enlil. M.A.R.I. 4: 269–92.Google Scholar
Weiss, H. 1986. The Origins of Tell Leilan and the Conquest of Space in Third Millennium Mesopotamia. In The Origins of Cities in Dry-Farming Syria and Mesopotamia in the Third Millennium B.C. Edited by Weiss, H., pp. 71108. Guildford: Four Quarters.Google Scholar
Weiss, H., and Courty, M.-A.. 1993. The Genesis and Collapse of the Akkadian Empire: the Accidental Refraction of Historical Law. In Akkad: The First World Empire. History of the Ancient Near East Studies 5. Edited by Liverani, M., pp. 131–55. Padova: Sargon.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, T. J. 1982. The Definition of Ancient Manured Zones by Means of Extensive Sherd-Sampling Techniques. Journal of Field Archaeology 9: 323–33.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, T. J. 1989. Extensive Sherd Scatters and Land Use Intensity: Some Recent Results. Journal of Field Archaeology 16: 3146.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, T. J. 1993. Linear Hollows in the Jazira, Upper Mesopotamia. Antiquity 67: 548–62.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, T. J. 1994. The Structure and Dynamics of Dry-Farming States in Upper Mesopotamia. Current Anthropology 35: 483520.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, T. J. 1997. Environmental Fluctuations, Agricultural Production and Collapse: A View from Bronze Age Upper Mesopotamia. In Third Millennium BC Climate Change and Old World Collapse. NATO ASI Series Vol. I 49. Edited by Dalfes, H. N., Kukla, G., and Weiss, H.. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Wilkinson, T. J., and Tucker, D. J.. 1995. Settlement Development in the North Jazira, Iraq. Warminster: Aris & Phillips, Ltd. Google Scholar