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Mislabeling of an Invasive Vine (Celastrus orbiculatus) as a Native Congener (C. scandens) in Horticulture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2017

David N. Zaya ,
Stacey A. Leicht-Young ,
Noel B. Pavlovic ,
Christopher S. Hetrea  and
Mary V. Ashley
David N. Zaya*
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Undergraduate Student, and Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago IL 60607
Stacey A. Leicht-Young
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Fellow and Plant Ecologist, U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, 1574 North 300 East, Chesterton, IN 46304
Noel B. Pavlovic
Affiliation:
Postdoctoral Fellow and Plant Ecologist, U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center, 1574 North 300 East, Chesterton, IN 46304
Christopher S. Hetrea
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Undergraduate Student, and Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago IL 60607
Mary V. Ashley
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Undergraduate Student, and Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago IL 60607
*
*Corresponding author’s E-mail: dzaya1@illinois.edu
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Abstract

The horticultural industry is an important source of invasive ornamental plant species, which is part of the motivation for an increased emphasis on using native alternatives. We were interested in the possibility that plants marketed in the midwestern United States as the native Celastrus scandens, or American bittersweet, were actually the difficult-to-distinguish invasive Celastrus orbiculatus (oriental bittersweet) or hybrids of the two species. We used nuclear microsatellite DNA loci to compare the genetic identities of 34 plants from 11 vendors with reference plants from wild populations of known species identity. We found that 18 samples (53%) were mislabeled, and 7 of the 11 vendors sold mislabeled plants. Mislabeled plants were more likely to be purchased through Internet or phone order shipments and were significantly less expensive than accurately labeled plants. Vendors marketed mislabeled plants under five different cultivar names, as well as unnamed strains. Additionally, the most common native cultivar, ‘Autumn Revolution,’ displays reproductive characteristics that diverge from the typical C. scandens, which could be of some concern. The lower price and abundance of mislabeled invasive plants introduces incentives for consumers to unknowingly contribute to the spread of C. orbiculatus. Revealing the potential sources of C. orbiculatus is critical for controlling further spread of the invasive vine and limiting its impact on C. scandens populations.

Keywords

American bittersweet, Celastrus scandens L.oriental bittersweet, Celastrus orbiculatus ThunbHorticultural industryinvasive speciesmicrosatellite DNAmislabelingmolecular testing
Type
Research and Education
Information
Invasive Plant Science and Management , Volume 10 , Issue 4 , December 2017 , pp. 313 - 321
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2017 

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Footnotes

a

Current address of first author: Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820

b

current address of second author: Rummel, Klepper and Kahl, 700 East Pratt Street, Suite 500, Baltimore, MD 21202

Associate Editor for this paper: Marie Jasieniuk, University of California, Davis.

References

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