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Validity of the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales with family carers of older adults: confirmatory factor analyses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2020

Jenny Murfield Open the ORCID record for Jenny Murfield [Opens in a new window] ,
Wendy Moyle Open the ORCID record for Wendy Moyle [Opens in a new window] ,
Analise O’Donovan  and
Robert S. Ware
Jenny Murfield*
Affiliation:
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
Wendy Moyle
Affiliation:
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
Analise O’Donovan
Affiliation:
Griffith Health Group, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
Robert S. Ware
Affiliation:
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia School of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Jenny Murfield, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Health Sciences (N48), 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia. Email: j.murfield@griffith.edu.au.
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Abstract

Objectives:

To confirm the factor validity of the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales (CEAS), as set out in the original development study, when used with a sample of family carers of older adults.

Design:

A series of confirmatory factor analyses were undertaken to test the previously proposed factor solutions of each scale.

Setting:

As part of a larger cross-sectional survey, the scales were completed online or via hard copy between July and December 2019.

Participants:

An international sample of 171 family carers of adults aged 65 years or older.

Measurements:

The CEAS are three measures that individually assess Compassion for Self, Compassion to Others, and Compassion from Others. All scales measure two aspects, “engagement” and “actions” (two-factor solution), and Compassion for Self also measures two further dimensions within engagement: “sensitivity to suffering” and “engagement with suffering” (three-factor solution).

Results:

Results were largely consistent with the two-factor solutions proposed for the three orientations of compassion, with acceptable fit and good internal reliability. There was some support for the three-factor solution of Compassion for Self; however, despite model fit comparable to the two-factor solution, internal reliability of the delineated “engagement” dimensions was low, and there was a weak factor loading for item 5 that measured distress tolerance.

Conclusions:

Use of the CEAS with family carers of older adults is promising. Further research is recommended with larger samples and to explore distress tolerance as a competency within conceptualization and measurement of compassion.

Keywords

caringcompassionfactor analysisfamily caregiverpsychometrics
Type
Original Research Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 33 , Special Issue 4: Issue Theme: Caring for Caregivers of People with Dementia , April 2021 , pp. 373 - 383
Copyright
© International Psychogeriatric Association 2020

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