Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T00:07:24.961Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Positive psychiatry/psychology for older adults: a new and important movement but robust methodology is essential

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 March 2019

Charlotte R. Stoner*
Affiliation:
Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London (UCL), London, UK Email: c.stoner@ucl.ac.uk

Extract

Positive psychiatry and the related positive psychology are offering a much needed alternative framework through which to view the psychology of old age (Jeste et al., 2015). Traditional models of old age tend to approach the subject from a negative view point where themes of dependency and decline can be common (Cumming and Henry, 1961). In contrast, positive psychiatry and psychology refer to the scientific study of strengths and capabilities that contribute to well-being (Seligman, 1998). Some of these can be thought of as character strengths and evidence suggests that concepts such as hope, humour, integrity, and gratitude are universal, with examples documented in at least 54 nations across the world (Park et al., 2006). Researchers aligned to these theoretical models seek to explore complex approaches to measuring and improving mental health, recognizing that well-being is often a dynamic interplay between positive and negative psychological processes and outcomes (Lomas and Ivtzan, 2016).

Type
Commentary
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barton, S. (2000). The best RCT still trumps the best observational study. BMJ, 321, 255. doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7256.255.Google Scholar
Cumming, E. and Henry, W. (1961). Growing Old. New York: Basic.Google Scholar
de Vlaming, R., Haveman-Nies, A., van't Veer, P. and de Groot, L. C. P. G. M. (2010). Evaluation design for a complex intervention program targeting loneliness in non-institutionalized elderly Dutch people. BMC Public Health, 10, 552. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-552Google Scholar
Gough, A., Cassidy, B., Rabheru, K., Conn, D., Canales, D. D. and Cassidy, K. (2018). The Fountain of Health: effective health promotion knowledge transfer in individual primary care and group community-based formats. International Psychogeriatrics, 31, 173180. doi: 0.1017/S1041610218000480.Google Scholar
Graham, N. et al. (2003). Reducing stigma and discrimination against older people with mental disorders: a technical consensus statement. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18, 670678. doi:10.1002/gps.876Google Scholar
Jeste, D. V., Palmer, B. W., Rettew, D. C. and Boardman, S. (2015). Positive psychiatry: its time has come. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76, 675683. doi:10.4088/JCP.14nr09599.Google Scholar
Lomas, T. and Ivtzan, I. (2016). Second wave positive psychology: exploring the positive–negative dialectics of wellbeing. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17, 17531768. doi:10.1007/s10902-015-9668-y.Google Scholar
McNally, S., Nunan, D., Dixon, A., Maruthappu, M., Butler, K. and Gray, M. (2017). Focus on physical activity can help avoid unnecessary social care. BMJ, 359, j4609. doi:10.1136/bmj.j4609.Google Scholar
Michie, S., van Stralen, M. M. and West, R. (2011). The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions. Implementation Science, 6, 42. doi:10.1186/1748-5908-6-42.Google Scholar
Park, N., Peterson, C. and Seligman, M. E. P. (2006). Character strengths in fifty-four nations and the fifty US states. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1, 118129. doi:10.1080/17439760600619567.Google Scholar
Proyer, R. T., Gander, F., Wellenzohn, S. and Ruch, W. (2014). Positive psychology interventions in people aged 50–79 years: long-term effects of placebo-controlled online interventions on well-being and depression. Aging & Mental Health, 18, 9971005. doi:10.1080/13607863.2014.899978.Google Scholar
Rogers, C. (1959). A theory of therapy, personality and interpersonal relationships as developed in the client-centred framework. In Koch, S. (ed.), Psychology: A Study of a Science (vol. 3, pp. 184256). New York: McGraw Hill.Google Scholar
Seligman, M. E. P. (1998). The President's Address. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.Google Scholar
Seligman, M. E. P. and Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2001). Positive psychology: an introduction. American Psychologist, 55, 514. doi:10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.5.Google Scholar
Shaw, R. L., Pattison, H. M., Holland, C. and Cooke, R. (2015). Be SMART: examining the experience of implementing the NHS health check in UK primary care. BMC Family Practice, 16, 18. doi:10.1186/s12875-014-0212-7.Google Scholar
Stoner, C. R., Orrell, M. and Spector, A. (2018a). The Positive Psychology Outcome Measure (PPOM) for people with dementia: psychometric properties and factor structure. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 76, 182187. doi:10.1016/j.archger.2018.03.001.Google Scholar
Stoner, C. R., Orrell, M. and Spector, A. (2018b). Psychometric properties and factor analysis of the engagement and independence in dementia questionnaire (EID-Q). Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 46, 119127. doi:10.1159/000488484.Google Scholar
Vernooij-Dassen, M. J. F. J. et al. (2005). Factors affecting timely recognition and diagnosis of dementia across Europe: from awareness to stigma. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20, 377386. doi:10.1002/gps.1302.Google Scholar
Wolverson, E. L., Clarke, C. and Moniz-Cook, E. D. (2016). Living positively with dementia: a systematic review and synthesis of the qualitative literature. Aging & Mental Health, 20, 676699. doi:10.1080/13607863.2015.1052777.Google Scholar