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International Court of Justice: Sovereignty Over Pedra Branca/Pulau Batu Puteh, Middle Rocks and South Ledge (Malaysia/Singapore)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2017

David A. Colson
Affiliation:
Dewey & LeBoeuf LLP
Brian J. Vohrer
Affiliation:
Dewey & LeBoeuf LLP

Abstract

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Type
Other Documents of Note
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2008

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References

Endnotes

1 Hereafter the island will be referred to by its Portuguese name Pedra Branca.

2 Sovereignty over Pedra Branca/Pulau Batu Puteh, Middle Rocks and South Ledge (Malay, v. Sing.), 2008 I.C.J. Reports 5 (May 23), available athttp://www.icj-cij.org/docket/in-dex.php?pl=3&p2=3&k=2b&case=130&code=masi&p3=4) [hereinafter Judgment].

3 Judgment, supra note 2, paras. 16-19.

4 Land and Maritime Boundary Between Cameroon and Nigeria (Cameroon v. Nig.), 2002 I.C.J. Reports 303 (Oct. 10), available at http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?pl=3&p2=3&k=74&case=94&code=cn&p3=4).

5 Sovereignty Over Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan (Indon. v. Malay.), 2002 I.C.J. Reports 625 (Dec. 17), available at http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?pl=3&p2=3&k=df&case=102&code=inma&p34).

6 Territorial Sea and Maritime Dispute between Nicaragua and Honduras in the Caribbean Sea (Nicar. v. Hond.), 2007 I.C.J. 4 (Oct. 8), available at http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/in-dex.php?pl=3&p2=3&k=14&case=120&code=nh&p3=4.

7 The joint dissenting opinion of Judges Simma and Abraham, the separate opinion of Judge Parra-Aranguren, and the dissenting opinion of Judge ad hoc Dugard all agreed with the majority of the Court on this point.

8 The essence of this principle is the acquisition of sovereignty through the peaceful and continuous exercise of sovereignty over a territory and the “acquiescence or toleration by other States.” See Ian brownlie, principles of public international law 155-56 (6th ed. 2003).

9 Judgment, supra note 2, paras. 118-125.

10 Id. para. 162.

11 Maritime Delimitation and Territorial Questions Between Qatar and Bahrain (Qatar v. Bahr.), 2001 I.C.J. 40, available at http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/index.php?p1=3&p2=3&k=61&case=87&code=qb&p3=4).