This special issue of International Labor and Working-Class History focuses on how the phenomenon known as globalization has transformed work in Latin America in recent decades. The term “globalization” became widely used in history and the social sciences beginning in the 1990s, and globalization has become a popular buzzword in the media in recent years, an accepted (if controversial) part of the frame of our era. The roots of this historical process, however, go back several centuries, as does the impact of globalization on workers and work.