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Application of pulsed electric fields for the elimination of highly drug-resistant Candida grown under modelled microgravity conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2018

Eglė Lastauskienė Open the ORCID record for Eglė Lastauskienė [Opens in a new window] ,
Vitalij Novickij ,
Auksė Zinkevičienė ,
Irutė Girkontaitė ,
Algimantas Paškevičius ,
Jurgita Švedienė ,
Svetlana Markovskaja  and
Jurij Novickij
Eglė Lastauskienė*
Affiliation:
Institute of Biosciences, Center of Life Sciences, Vilnius University, Sauletekio ave 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
Vitalij Novickij
Affiliation:
Institute of High Magnetic Fields, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Naugarduko st. 41, 03227, Vilnius, Lithuania
Auksė Zinkevičienė
Affiliation:
Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių st. 5, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
Irutė Girkontaitė
Affiliation:
Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių st. 5, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
Algimantas Paškevičius
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biodeterioration Research, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos st. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania Laboratory of Microbiology of the Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Santariškių st. 2, 08661, Vilnius, Lithuania
Jurgita Švedienė
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biodeterioration Research, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos st. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
Svetlana Markovskaja
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Mycology, Nature Research Centre, Zaliuju ezeru st. 49, 08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
Jurij Novickij
Affiliation:
Institute of High Magnetic Fields, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Naugarduko st. 41, 03227, Vilnius, Lithuania
*
Author for correspondence: Eglė Lastauskienė, E-mail: eglelast@gmail.com
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Abstract

Candida lusitaniae and C. guilliermondii are perfect model organisms for the study of Candida genera behaviour in various conditions. Both of them are rare pathogens capable to cause candidiasis in the patients with weakened immune system and can undergo morphology switches related to the increased antifungal drug resistance. Candida genera yeasts are able to inhabit diverse range of ecological niches including space ships and space stations. During the long-term expeditions, astronauts are affected by various factors that can change the state immune system. In such conditions, the commensal usually non-pathogenic microorganisms can spread through the body of the host and cause infections. Weakened immune system and limited use of drugs in spaceships promote the search of the alternative methods for the biocontrol of microorganisms. Several studies demonstrate that microorganisms are altering their gene expression, physiology, morphology, pathogenicity and evolving resistance to the antifungals under microgravity conditions. Our research indicated that switch to the pseudohyphae morphology leads up 30-fold increased resistance to amphotericin B in C. lusitaniae and C. guilliermondii. Cultivation of yeasts in rotary cell culture system (RCCS) is related to the altered cell growth and resistance to the antifungal treatment. Our results showed that growth in the RCCS led to the extreme increase in cell resistance to amphotericin B as compared with the standard growth conditions. In our research, we applied electroporation for the biocontrol of two Candida species. C. lusitaniae and C. guilliermondii cells grown in RCCS exhibited significantly increased survivability after pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment in comparison with cells grown under routine conditions. We have shown that PEF bursts of 2.5–25 kV cm−1 of 100 µs × 8 duration display a dose-dependent permeabilization of both studied Candida species. Our research indicated that budding cells and pseudohyphae morphology cells, with increased resistance to amphotericin B, can be effectively inactivated after applying PEF higher than 15 kV cm−1.

Keywords

Altered morphologybiocontrolCandidaelectropermeabilizationmicrogravitypseudohyphae
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Astrobiology , Volume 18 , Issue 5 , October 2019 , pp. 405 - 411
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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