Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-tn8tq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-01T13:23:01.109Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Histamine-2-Receptor Antagonists and Antacids in the Critically Ill Population Stress Ulceration Versus Nosocomial Pneumonia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Deborah J. Cook ,
Brenda K. Reeve  and
L. Cory Scholes
Deborah J. Cook*
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Brenda K. Reeve
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
L. Cory Scholes
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
*
Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, St. Joseph's Hospital, 50 Charlton Ave. East, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 4A6
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether stress ulcer prophylaxis with histamine-2-receptor antagonists or antacids reduces mortality in critically ill patients. It appears that sucralfate results in a lower incidence of nosocomial pneumonia than either antacids or histamine-2-receptor antagonists. With respect to mortality, strong trends favored sucralfate over both antacids and histamine-receptor antagonists.

Type
From the Third International Conference on the Prevention of Infection
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 15 , Issue 7 , July 1994 , pp. 437 - 442
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Zinner, MJ, Zuidema, GD, Smith, PL. et al. The prevention of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding in patients in an intensive care unit. Surg Gyneol Obstet 1981;153:214–220.Google Scholar
2. Basso, N, Baragani, M, Materia, A, et al. Cimetidine and antacid prophylaxis of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in high-risk patients. Am J Surg 1981;141:339–341.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
3. Friedman, CJ, Oblinger, MJ, Surrat, PM, et al. Prophylaxis of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med 1982;10:316–319.Google Scholar
4. Hastings, PR, Skillman, JJ, Bushnell, LS, et al. Antacid titration in the prevention of acute gastrointestinal bleeding. N Engl J Med 1978;298:1041–1045.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. Kahn, F, Parekh, A, Chitkara, R, et al. Results of gastric neutralization with hourly antacids and cimetidine in 320 intubated patients with respiratory failure. Chest 1981;79:409–412.Google Scholar
6. McAlhany, JC, Czaja, AJ, Pruitt, B. Antacid control of complications from acute gastrointestinal disease after burns. J Trauma 1976;16:645–649.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7. Pinilla, JC, Oleniuk, FH, Reed, D, et al. Does antacid prophylaxis prevent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill patients? Crit Care Med 1985;13:646–650.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Stothert, JC, Siminowitz, DA, Dellinger, EP, et al. Randomized prospective evaluation of cimetidine and antacid control of gastric Ph in the critically ill. Ann Surg 1980;192:169–173.Google Scholar
9. Weigelt, LA, Aurbakken, CM, Geweitz, BL, et al. Cimetidine versus antacid in prophylaxis for stress ulceration. Arch Surg 1981;116:597–601.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Craig, CR Connelly, S. Effect of intensive care unit nosocomial pneumonia on duration of stay and mortality. Am/Infect Control 1984;12:233–238.Google ScholarPubMed
11. Green, MS, Rubenstein, E, Amit, P. Estimating the effects of nosocomial infections on the length of hospitalizations. J Infect Dis 1982;145:667–672.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. De Clercq, J, de Decker, G, Alexander, JP, Huyghens, L. Cost evaluation of infections in intensive care. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg 1983;34:179–189.Google ScholarPubMed
13. Potgeiter, PD, Linton, DM, Oliver, S, Forder, AA. Nosocomial infections in a respiratory intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 1987;15:495–498.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Kerver, AJH, Rommes, JH, Mevissen-Verhage, EAE, et al. Colonization and infection in surgical intensive care units: a prospective study. Intensive Care Med 1987;13:347–351.Google Scholar
15. Rello, J, Quintana, E, Ausina, V, et al. Incidence, etiology and outcome of nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients. Chest 1991;100:439–444.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16. Celis, R, Torres, A, Gateli, JM, Amela, M, Rodrigues-Roisin, R, Agusti-Vidal, A. Nosocomial pneumonia: a multivariate analysis of risk and prognosis. Chest 1988;93:318–324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17. Craven, DE, Kunches, LM, Lichtenburg, DA, et al. Nosocomial infection and fatality in medical and surgical intensive care unit patients. Arch Intern Med 1988:148:1161–1168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18. Jimenez, P, Torres, A, Rodrigues-Roison, R, et al. Incidence and etiology of pneumonia acquired during mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med 1989;17:882.Google Scholar
19. Tryba, M. The gastropulmonary route of infection: Fact or fiction. Am J Med 1991;91(suppl 2A):135S–146S.Google Scholar
20. Horan, TC, White, JW, Jarvis, WR. Nosocomial Infection surveillance. 1984. MMWR 1986;35:17–29.Google ScholarPubMed
21. Heyland, DK, Mandell, LA. Gastric colonization and nosocomial pneumonia: evidence for causation. Chest 1992;101:187–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22. Hillman, KM, Riordan, T, O'Farrel, SM, Tabaqchali, S. Colonization of the gastric contents in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 1982 10;7:444–447.Google Scholar
23. Spray, SB, Zuidema, GD, Cameron, JL. Aspiration pneumonia: incidence of aspiration with endotracheal tubes. Am J Surg 1976;131:701.Google Scholar
24. Hillman, KM, Riordan, T, O'Farrel, SM, Tabaqchali, S. Colonization of the gastric contents in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 1982 10:7:444–447.Google Scholar
25. Daschner, F, Kappstein, I, Engels, I, et al. Stress ulcer prophylaxis and ventilation pneumonia: prevention by antibacterial cytoprotective agents. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1988;9:59–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26. Giannella, RA, Broitman, SA, Zamcheck, N. Gastric acid barrier to ingested microoganisms in man: studies in vitro and in viva. Gut 1972;13:251–256.Google Scholar
27. Jacobs, S, Chang, RWS, Lee, B, Bartlett, FW. Continuous enter-al feeding: a major cause of pneumonia among ventilated intensive care unit patients. J Parent Enteral Nutr 1990 14:353–356.Google Scholar
28. L'Abbe, KA, Detsky, AS, O'Rourke, K. Meta-analysis in clinical research. Ann Intern Med 1987;107:224–233.Google Scholar
29. Cook, DJ, Guyatt, GH, Laupacis, A, Sackett, DL Rules of evidence and clinical recommendations on the use of antithrombotic agents. Presented at the Antithrombotic Therapy Consensus Conference III; March 11-12, 1992; Tucson, Arizona. Chest 1992;102:305S–311S.Google ScholarPubMed
30. Shuman, RB, Schuster, DP, Zuckermann, GR Prophylactic therapy for stress ulcer bleeding: a reappraisal. Ann Intern Med 1987;106:562–567.Google Scholar
31. Lacroix, J, Infante-Rivarde, C, Jenicek, M, et al. Prophylaxis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in intensive care units: A meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 1989;17:862–868.Google Scholar
32. Cook, DJ, Witt, LG, Cook, RJ, et al. Stress ulcer prophylaxis in the critically ill: ameta-analysis. Am J Med 1991;91:519–527.Google Scholar
33. Tryba, M. Prophylaxis of stress ulcer bleeding: a meta-analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol 1991;13(suppl 2):S44–S55.Google Scholar
34. Cook, DJ, Laine, LA, Guyatt, GH, et al. Nosocomial pneumonia & the role of gastric Ph: a meta-analysis. Chest 1991;100:7–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35. Borrero, E, Margolis, IB, Bank, S. Antacid versus sucralfate in preventing acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Surg 1984;148:809–812.Google Scholar
36. Laggner, AN, Lenz, K, Base, W, et al. Prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in long-term ventilated patients. Am J Med 1989;86(suppl 6A):81–84.Google Scholar
37. Borrero, E, Bank, S, Margolis, IB, et al. Comparison of antacid and sucralfate in the prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients who are critically ill. Am J Med 1985;79(2C):62–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
38. Laggner, AN, Lenz, K, Graninger, W, et al. Stressulcusprophyla auf einer intemen intensivstation: sucralfat versus ranitidin. Anaesthesist 1988;37:704–710.Google Scholar
39. Jones, RH, Rudge, CJ, Bewick, M, et al. Cimetidine: prophylaxis against uppergastrointestinal hemorrhage afterrenal transplant. Br Med J 1978;1:398–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
40. Schiessel, R, Stat-linger, M, Wolf, A, et al. Failure of cimetidine to prevent gastroduodenai ulceration and bleeding after renal transplantation. Surgery 1981;90:456–458.Google Scholar
41. Lacroix, J, Infante-Rivard, C, Gauthier, M, et al. Upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding acquired in a pediatric intensive care unit: prophylaxis trial with cimetidine. J Pediatr 1986;108:1015–1018.Google Scholar
42. Holzapfel, L, Charreyre, S, Aguilera, D, et al. Nosocomial pneumonia in patients given ranitidine. Intensive Care Med 1988;6(suppl):54.Google Scholar
43. Car-tier, F, Gauthrer-Lafaye, P, Lareng, L, et al. Cimetidine in patients at risk of stress ulcers: a multicenter controlled trial. Presented at the European Meeting of Intensive Care; March 12, 1993; Brussels, Belgium. Abstract A115.Google Scholar
44. Cheadle, WG, Vitale, GC, Mackie, CR, et al. Prophylactic postoperative nasogastric decompression. Ann Surg 1985;361–366.Google Scholar
45. Cook, DJ, Reeve, BK, Guyatt, GH, Tiyba, M. Does stress ulcer prophylaxis reduce mortality in the critically ill population? Presented at the Third International Conference on the Prevention of Infection; April 56, 1994; Nice. France. Abstract.Google Scholar
46. L'Abbe, KA, Detsky, AS, O'Rourke, K. Meta-analysis in clinical research. Ann Intern Med 1987;107:224–233.Google Scholar
47. Oxman, AD, Guyatt, GH. Guidelines for reading literature reviews. Can Med Assoc J 1988;138:697–703.Google Scholar
48. Ampil, IDE, Cupino, IR. Luz Grey, A, Cortez, ER. Bacterial gut translocation: the use of cytoprotectant and gastric lavage in the prevention of opportunistic infection, Asian J Surg 1992;15:114–118.Google Scholar
49. Heyland, D, Cook, DJ, Jaeschke, R, Lee, HN, Guyatt, GH. Selective gut decontamination in the ICU: an overview. Chest 1994;105(4):1221–1229.Google Scholar
50. Cook, DJ, Fuller, H, Guyatt, , et al, the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. Risk factors for bleeding in critically ill patients. N Eagl J Med 1994;330:377–381.Google Scholar
51. Andrews, CP, Coalson, JJ, Smith, JD, Johanson, WG Jr Diagnosis of nosocomial bacterial pneumonia in acute, diffuse lung injury. Chest 1981;80:254–258.Google Scholar
52. Bell, RG, Coalson, JJ, Smith, JD, et al. Multiple organ system failure and infection in adult respiratory distress syndrome. Ann Intern Med 1983;99:293–298.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
53. Pingleton, SK, Fagon, YK, Leeper, KV, the Diagnosis Group. Patient selection for clinical investigation of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 1992;102:5(suppl):553S–556S.Google Scholar
54. Tryba, M. The gastropulmonary route of infection: fact or fiction? Am J Med 1991;91(suppl 2A)135S–145S.Google Scholar