Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-xtgtn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T07:14:56.349Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Marx, Housework, and Alienation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2020

Abstract

For different feminist theorists, housework and child rearing are viewed in very different ways. I argue that Marx gives us the categories that allow us to see why housework and child care can be both a paradigm of unalienated labor and also involve the greatest oppression. In developing this argument, a distinction is made between alienation and oppression and the conditions are discussed under which unalienated housework can become oppressive or can become alienated.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 by Hypatia, Inc.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Benston, Margaret. 1969. The political economy of women's liberation. Monthly Review 21 (4): 1327.10.14452/MR-021-04-1969-08_2CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalla Costa, Mariaosa, and James, Selma. 1972. The power of women and the subversion of the community. Bristol, England: Falling Wall Press.Google Scholar
de Beauvoir, Simone. 1961. The second sex. Trans. Parshley, H. M.New York: Bantam.Google Scholar
De Beauvoir, Simone. 1976. Simone de Beauvoir questions Jean‐Paul Sartre. Trans. John Howe and Rosamund Mulvey. New Left Review 97 (May–June): 7180.Google Scholar
Eisenstein, Zillah R. 1979. Developing a theory of capitalist patriarchy and socialist feminism. In Capitalist patriarchy and the case for socialist feminism, ed. Eisenstein, Zillah R.New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Engels, Frederick. 1942. The origin of the family, private property, and the state. New York: International.Google Scholar
Evans, Judith. 1986. Feminist theory and political analysis. In Feminism and political theory. London and Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Ferguson, Ann and Folbre, Nancy. 1981. The unhappy marriage of patriarchy and capitalism. In Women and revolution, ed. Sargent, Lydia. Boston: South End Press.Google Scholar
Flax, Jane. 1990. Postmodernism and gender relations in feminist theory. In Feminism/postmodernism, ed. Linda, J. Nicholson. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Fraser, Nancy. 1987. What's critical about critical theory?: The case of Habermas and gender. In Feminism as critique, ed. Benhabib, Seyla and Cornell, Drucilla. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Gardiner, Jean. 1979. Women's domestic labor. In Capitalist patriarchy and the case for socialist feminism, ed. Eisenstein, Zillah R.New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Glazer, Nona. 1990. Servants to capital: Unpaid domestic labor and paid work. In Work without wages, ed. Collins, Jane L. and Gimenez, Martha. Albany: SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Gordon, Linda. 1979. The struggle for reproductive freedom: Three stages of feminism. In Capitalist patriarchy and the case for socialist feminism, ed. Eisenstein, Zillah R.New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Harding, Sandra. 1981. What is the real material base of patriarchy and capital? In Women and revolution, ed. Sargent, Lydia. Boston: South End Press.Google Scholar
Jaggar, Alison M. 1983. Feminist politics and human nature. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Allanheld.Google Scholar
Joseph, Gloria. 1981. The incompatible menage à trois: Marxism, feminism, and racism. In Women and revolution, ed. Sargent, Lydia. Boston: South End Press.Google Scholar
Kain, Philip J. 1982. Schiller, Hegel, and Marx. Montreal: McGill‐Queen's University Press.Google Scholar
Kain, Philip J. 1988. Marx and ethics. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Kuhn, Annette. 1978. Structures of patriarchy and capital in the family. In Feminism and materialism, ed. Kuhn, Annette and Wolpe, AnnMarie. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Lamphere, Louise. 1974. Strategies, cooperation, and conflict among women in domestic groups. In Women, culture, and society, ed. Rosaldo, Michelle Z. and Lamphere, Louise. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
MacKinnon, Catharine A. 1989. Toward a feminist theory of the state. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Markus, Maria. 1987. Women, success and civil society. In Feminism as critique, ed. Benhabib, Seyla and Cornell, Drucilla. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1967. Capital 1, ed. Engels, Frederick. New York: International.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1971. Theories of surplus value, part I, ed. Ryazanskaya, S.Moscow: Progress.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1972a. Ethnological notebooks of Karl Marx, ed. Krader, Lawrence. Assen: Van Gorcum.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1972b. Marx Engels Werke. Berlin: Dietz.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1975a. Comments on James Mill. Marx Engels collected works 3. New York: International.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1975b. Economic and philosophic manuscripts. In Marx Engels collected works 3. New York: International.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1975c. German ideology. In Marx Engels collected works 5. New York: International.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1975d. Critique of the Gotha program. In Marx Engels collected works 24. New York: International.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1975e. Grundrisse. In Marx Engels collected works 28. New York: International.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl. 1975f. Critique of political economy. In Marx Engels collected works 29. New York: International.Google Scholar
Molyneux, Maxine. 1979. Beyond the domestic labour debate. New Left Review 116 (July–August): 327.Google Scholar
Morton, Peggy. 1980. Women's work is never done. In The politics of housework, ed. Malos, Ellen. London: Allison and Busby.Google Scholar
Nicholson, Linda. 1987. Feminism and Marx: Integrating kinship with the economic. In Feminism as critique, ed. Benhabib, Seyla and Cornell, Drucilla. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Oakley, Ann. 1974. The Sociology of housework. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Reiter, Rayna R. 1975. Men and women in the south of France: Public and private domains. In Toward an anthropology of women, ed. Reiter, Rayna R.New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Rosaldo, Michelle Z. 1974. Woman, culture, and society: A theoretical overview. In Woman, culture, and society, ed. Rosaldo, Michelle Z. and Lamphere, Louise. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Rubin, Gayle. 1975. The traffic in women: Notes on the ‘political economy’ of sex. In Toward an anthropology of women, ed. Reiter, Rayna R.New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Ruddick, Sara. 1980. Maternal thinking. Feminist Studies 6 (2): 342–67.10.2307/3177749CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Secombe, Wally. 1973. The housewife and her labour under capitalism. New Left Review 83 (January–February): 324.Google Scholar
Smith, Paul. 1978. Domestic labour and Marx's theory of value. In Feminism and materialism, ed. Kuhn, Annette and Wolpe, AnnMarie. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Zaretsky, Eli. 1986. Capitalism, the family, and personal life. Rev. ed. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar