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Do self-fertilization and genetic drift promote a very low genetic variability in the allotetraploid Bulinus truncatus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) populations?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

Flobert Njiokou ,
Christian Bellec ,
Patrick Berrebi ,
Bernard Delay  and
Philippe Jarne
Flobert Njiokou
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Epidémiologic des Maladies à Vecteurs, ORSTOM, 911 Avenue Agropolis B. P. 5045, 34032 Montpellier, France
Christian Bellec
Affiliation:
Laboratoire d'Epidémiologic des Maladies à Vecteurs, ORSTOM, 911 Avenue Agropolis B. P. 5045, 34032 Montpellier, France
Patrick Berrebi
Affiliation:
Génome et Populations (CNRS, URA 1493), Université Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Bernard Delay
Affiliation:
Génétique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences de I'Evolution, Université Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
Philippe Jarne*
Affiliation:
Génétique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences de I'Evolution, Université Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
*
* Corresponding author.
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Bulinus truncatus, one of the intermediate hosts of the genus Schistosoma is an hermaphrodite freshwater snail species occupying a variety of environments over almost all Africa. These environments are subjected to large variations in water availability. B. truncatus is allotetraploid and its populations exhibit various frequencies of aphallic individuals (unable to reproduce as male). Both traits probably favour a reproduction by self-fertilization. Here we investigate the genetic structure of populations of B. truncatus of Niger and Ivory Coast using protein electrophoresis to analyse the influence of the environment and of both the last traits. To obtain an estimate of the true heterozygosity in this allotetraploid species, we analyse independently the two diploid loci at each tetraploid locus. Our study indicates (i) an extremely low intrapopulation polymorphism with most alleles fixed and the total absence of heterozygotes and (ii) low differentiation between populations. These results indicate high gene flow between populations. However, the existence of private alleles sometimes at high frequency, the low polymorphism and the lack of heterozygotes point to the role of both genetic drift and self-fertilization, the second amplifying the genetic consequences of the first.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 62 , Issue 2 , October 1993 , pp. 89 - 100
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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