Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T07:39:28.040Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mango-based orchards in Senegal: diversity of design and management patterns

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2013

Isabelle Grechi ,
Cheikh Amet Bassirou Sane ,
Lamine Diame ,
Hubert De Bon ,
Aurore Benneveau ,
Thierry Michels ,
Virginie Huguenin ,
Eric Malezieux ,
Karamoko Diarra  and
Jean-Yves Rey
Isabelle Grechi*
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr
Cheikh Amet Bassirou Sane
Affiliation:
Inst. Sénégalais Rech. Agric. (ISRA), Cent. Dev. Hortic., BP3120 Dakar, Senegal Univ. Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Fac. Sci. Tech., BP 5005 Dakar, Senegal
Lamine Diame
Affiliation:
Inst. Sénégalais Rech. Agric. (ISRA), Cent. Dev. Hortic., BP3120 Dakar, Senegal Univ. Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Fac. Sci. Tech., BP 5005 Dakar, Senegal
Hubert De Bon
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr
Aurore Benneveau
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, F-97410 Saint-Pierre, La RéunionFrance
Thierry Michels
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, F-97410 Saint-Pierre, La RéunionFrance
Virginie Huguenin
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr
Eric Malezieux
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr
Karamoko Diarra
Affiliation:
Univ. Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Fac. Sci. Tech., BP 5005 Dakar, Senegal
Jean-Yves Rey
Affiliation:
Cent. Coop. Intern. Rech. Agron. Dev. (CIRAD), Persyst, UPR HortSys, TA B-103 / PS4, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France,. grechi@cirad.fr Inst. Sénégalais Rech. Agric. (ISRA), Cent. Dev. Hortic., BP 484 Thiès, Senegal
*
* Correspondence and reprints
Get access

Abstract

Introduction. Mango-based orchards in Senegal occur in a large diversity of cropping systems, but few typologies of these systems exist and none are associated with their comprehensive and quantitative analysis. In this study we defined and characterized the typology of these systems based on a quantitative assessment of their planting design, management, vegetative state, hedgerow structure and infestation by a major pest of mango, the Bactrocera invadens fly. Materials and methods. Multivariate analysis and clustering methods were applied to data from 64 mango-based orchards and their surrounding hedgerows sampled in the Dakar and Thiès regions, in Senegal. Results and discussion. Four types of cropping systems were identified according to orchard design and management patterns: (1) ‘No-input mango diversified orchards’, (2) ‘Low-input mango orchards’, (3) ‘Medium-input citrus-predominant orchards’ and (4) ‘Medium-input large mango- or citrus-predominant orchards’. Orchard characteristics varied among these patterns. For instance, vegetation was dense and homogeneous in system 1, and the mortality rate of trees was high in system 2 but low in system 3. Orchards of systems 3 and 4 were mostly associated with hedgerows with, respectively, boundary-marking and defensive species. Lastly, the number of B. invadens flies was high in orchards of system 4, whereas it was low in those of system 2. Conclusion. The diversity of mango-based cropping systems in Senegal is now well described and quantified. This characterization is a preliminary step that is essential for further studies aiming to improve these systems.

Keywords

SenegalMangifera indicafruit treesorchardstypologydesigncrop managementBactrocera invadenshedgesmultivariate analysisSénégalMangifera indicaarbre fruitiervergertypologieconceptionconduite de la cultureBactrocera invadenshaieanalyse multivariéeSenegalMangifera indicaárboles frutaleshuerto frutaltipologíadiseñomanejo del cultivoBactrocera invadenscerca vivaanálisis multivariante
Type
Original article
Information
Fruits , Volume 68 , Issue 6 , November 2013 , pp. 447 - 466
Copyright
© 2013 Cirad/EDP Sciences

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Rey, J.-Y., Diallo, T.M., Vannière, H., Didier, C., Keita, S., Sangaré, M., The mango in French-speaking West Africa, Fruits 61 (2006) 281–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rey J.-Y., Dia M.L., Mangues : des vergers villageois aux nouvelles plantations d’exportation, in : Durteurtre G., Faye M.D., Dieye P.N. (Eds.), L’agriculture sénégalaise à l’épreuve des marchés, ISRA-Karthala, Dakar, Sénégal, 2010, 257–279.
Gerbaud, P., Bilan de campagne 2010 par origine, FruiTrop 186 (2011) 27–39.Google Scholar
Vayssières, J.-F., Georgen, G., Lokossou, O., Dossa, P., Akponon, C.A., A new Bactrocera species in Benin among mango fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) species, Fruits 60 (2005) 371–377.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ouédraogo, S.N., Vayssières, J.-F., Dabiré, A.R., Rouland-Lefebvre, C., Biodiversité des mouches des fruits de l’ouest du Burkina Faso : structure et comparaison des communautés de différents sites, Fruits 66 (2011) 393–404.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vayssières, J.-F., Vannière, H., Gueye, P.S., Barry, O., Hanne, A.M., Korie, S., Niassy, A., Ndiaye, M., Delhove, G., Preliminary inventory of fruit flies species (Diptera: Tephritidae) in mango orchard in the Niayes region, Senegal, in 2004, Fruits 66 (2011) 91–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Senghor, A.L., Sharma, K., Kumar, P.L., Bandyopadhyay, R., First report of mango malformation disease caused by Fusarium tupiense in Senegal, Plant Dis. 96 (2012) 1582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vannière, H., Didier, C., Rey, J.-Y., Diallo, T.M., Keita, S., Sangaré, M., The mango in French-speaking West Africa: cropping systems and agronomical practices, Fruits 62 (2007) 187–201. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vayssières, J.-F., Korie, S., Coulibaly, O., Temple, L., Bouyei, S.P., The mango tree in central and northern Benin: cultivar inventory, yield assessment, infested stages and loss due to fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), Fruits 63 (2008) 335–348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ndiaye, O., Vayssières, J.-F., Rey, J.-Y., Ndiaye, S., Diedhiou, P.M., Ba, C.T., Diatta, P., Seasonality and range of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) host plants in orchards in Niayes and the Thiès Plateau (Senegal), Fruits 67 (2012) 311–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spreer, W., Ongsprasert, O., Hegele, M., Wünsche, J.N., Müller, J., Yield and fruit development in mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Chok Anan) under different irrigation regimes, Agric. Water Manag. 96 (2009) 574–584. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pavel, E.W., de Villiers, A.J., Responses of mango trees to reduced irrigation regimes, Acta Hortic. 646 (2004) 63–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yeshitela, T., Robbertse, P.J., Stassen, P.J.C., Grimbeek, J., van der Linde, M., Fruits thinning intensities and their impact on the yield and quality of ‘Sensation’ (Mangifera indica) fruits, Trop. Agric. 80 (2003) 123–127. Google Scholar
Vayssières, J.-F., Sinzogan, A., Korie, S., Ouagoussounon, I., Thomas-Odjo, A. Effectiveness of Spinosad Bait Sprays (GF-120) in controlling mango-infesting fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Benin, J. Econ. Entomol. 102 (2009) 515–521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaul V., Shankar U., Khushu M.K., Bio-intensive integrated pest management in fruit crop ecosystem, in: Peshin R., Dhawan A.K. (Eds.), Integrated pest management: innovation-development process, Springer, Netherlands, 2009.
Mwatawala, M.W., De Meyer, M., Makundi, R.H., Maerere, A.P., Design of an ecologically-based IPM program for fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), Fruits 64 (2008) 83–90. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nesme, T., Lescourret, F., Bellon, S., Plénet, D., Habib, R., Relevance of orchard design issuing from growers’ planting choices to study fruit tree cropping systems, Agronomie 23 (2003) 651–660. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blazy, J.M., Ozier-Lafontaine, H., Dore, T., Thomas, A., Wery, J., A methodological framework that accounts for farm diversity in the prototyping of crop management systems. Application to banana-based systems in Guadeloupe, Agric. Syst. 101 (2009) 30–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deheuvels, O., Avelino, J., Somarriba, E., Malezieux, E., Vegetation structure and productivity in cocoa-based agroforestry systems in Talamanca, Costa Rica, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 149 (2012) 181–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LeBellec, F., Cattan, P., Bonin, M., Rajaud, A., Building a typology of cropping practices from comparison with a technical reference: first step for a relevant cropping system redesigning process – results for tropical citrus production, Fruits 66 (2011) 143–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baudry, J., Bunce, R.G.H., Burel, F., Hedgerows: an international perspective on their origin, function and management, J. Environ. Manag. 60 (2000) 7–22. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, S., Bouvier, J.-C., Debras, J.-F., Sauphanor, B., Biodiversity and pest management in orchard systems. A review, Agron. Sustain. Dev. 30 (2010) 139–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Debras, J.-F., Senoussi, R., Rieux, R., Buisson, E., Dutoit, T., Spatial distribution of an arthropod community in a pear orchard (southern France): identification of a hedge effect, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 127 (2008) 166–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ricci, B., Franck, P., Bouvier, J.-C., Casado, D., Lavigne, C., Effects of hedgerow characteristics on intra-orchard distribution of larval codling moth, Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 140 (2011) 395–400. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aluja, M., Birke, A., Habitat use by adults of Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae) in a mixed mango and tropical plum orchard, Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 86 (1993) 799–812.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yee, W.L, Philips, P.A., Rodgers, J.L., Faber, B.A., Phenology of arthropod pests and associated natural predators on avocado leaves, fruit and in leaf litter in Southern California, Environ. Entomol. 30 (2001) 892–898.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Longcore, T., Terrestrial arthropods as indicators of ecological restoration success in coastal sage scrub (California, U.S.A.), Restor. Ecol. 11 (2003) 397–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Midega, C.A.O., Khan, Z.R., van den Berg, J., Ogol, C.K.P.O., Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S., Pickett, J.A., Wadhams, L.J., Response of ground-dwelling arthropods to a ‘push-pull’ habitat management system: spiders as an indicator group, J. Appl. Entomol. 132 (2008) 248–254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arbonnier M., Arbres, arbustes et lianes des zones sèches d’Afrique de l’Ouest (2e éd.), Quae, France, 2002.
Yossi H., Kaya B., Traoré C.O., Niang A., Butare I., Levasseur V., Sanogo D., Les haies vives au Sahel. État des connaissances et recommandations pour la recherche et le développement, ICRAF Occas. Paper, World Agrofor. Cent., Nairobi, Kenya, 6, 2006.
Bouzillé J.-B., Gestion des habitats naturels et biodiversité. Concepts, méthodes et démarches, TEC & DOC Lavoisier, Paris, France, 2007.
Lê, S., Josse, J., Husson, F., FactoMineR: An R package for multivariate analysis, J. Stat. Softw. 25 (2008) 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Husson F., Lê S. Pagès J., Exploratory multivariate analysis by example using R, Chapman & Hall/CRC, London, U.K., 2011
Anon., R: A language and environment for statistical computing, R Dev. Core Team, R Found. Stat. Comput., Vienna, Austria., 2010.
Aubertot J.N., Barbier J.M., Carpentier A., Gril J.J., Guichard L., Lucas P., Savary S., Savini I., Voltz M. (Eds.), Pesticides, agriculture et environnement. Réduire l’utilisation des pesticides et en limiter les impacts environnementaux, Expert. Sci. Collect. INRA – Cemagref, France, 2005.
Papy F., Interdépendance des systèmes de culture dans l'exploitation, in : Malézieux E., Trébuil G., Jaeger M. (Eds.), Modélisation des agroécosystèmes et aide à la décision, CIRAD/INRA, Montpellier, France, 2001.
Cerf, M., Approche cognitive de pratiques agricoles : intérêts et limites pour les agronomes, Nat. Sci. Soc. 4 (1996) 327–339.Google Scholar
Allwood A.J., Biology and ecology: prerequisites for understanding and managing fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), in: Allwood A.J., Drew R.A.I. (Eds.), Management of fruit flies in the Pacific, A regional symposium, Nadi, Fiji, 1996.
Supplementary material: PDF

OLM-fruits130094--68-6-

Appendixes

Download OLM-fruits130094--68-6-(PDF)
PDF 837.8 KB