Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T04:20:16.469Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

THE EFFECTS OF PRUNING AT DIFFERENT TIMES ON THE GROWTH, PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND YIELD OF CONILON COFFEE (COFFEA CANEPHORA) CLONES WITH VARYING PATTERNS OF FRUIT MATURATION IN SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2011

L. E. MORAIS ,
P. C. CAVATTE ,
E. F. MEDINA ,
P. E. M. SILVA ,
S. C. V. MARTINS ,
P. S. VOLPI ,
S. ANDRADE JÚNIOR ,
J. A. MACHADO FILHO ,
C. P. RONCHI  and
F. M. DAMATTA
L. E. MORAIS
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil
P. C. CAVATTE
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil
E. F. MEDINA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil
P. E. M. SILVA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil
S. C. V. MARTINS
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil
P. S. VOLPI
Affiliation:
Instituto de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural do Espírito Santo, 29725-000 Marilândia, ES, Brasil
S. ANDRADE JÚNIOR
Affiliation:
Instituto de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural do Espírito Santo, 29725-000 Marilândia, ES, Brasil
J. A. MACHADO FILHO
Affiliation:
Instituto de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural do Espírito Santo, 29915-140 Linhares, ES, Brasil
C. P. RONCHI
Affiliation:
Campus Rio Paranaíba, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000 Rio Paranaíba-MG, Brasil
F. M. DAMATTA*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil
*
‡Corresponding author. E-mail: fdamatta@ufv.br
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The economics of coffee plantations is intrinsically linked to pruning, which can improve the canopy architecture and thereby increase productivity. However, recommended pruning times on conilon coffee plantations have been made on an entirely empirical basis. In this study, by evaluating growth, photosynthetic gas exchanges, starch accumulation and crop productivity, the effects of pruning at different times between harvest and flowering were investigated for six conilon coffee clones with distinct stages of fruit maturation (early, intermediate and late). Clones with an early maturation stage were pruned at four different times: 0, 30, 60 and 90 days after harvest (DAH). Intermediate clones were pruned at 0, 30 and 60 DAH, and late clones were pruned at 0 and 30 DAH. Overall, the rates of shoot growth and net photosynthesis, the stomatal conductance and the crop yield were not affected by the pruning treatments in any of the clones. In addition, pruning times did not affect the concentrations of starch or the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II. The carbon isotope composition ratio was marginally affected by the treatments. These results suggest that the pruning time after harvests is relatively unimportant and pruning operations can be scheduled to optimise the use of labour, which directly impacts the production costs of coffee.

Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 48 , Issue 2 , April 2012 , pp. 210 - 221
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Amaral, J. A. T. (1991). Crescimento vegetativo estacional do cafeeiro e suas interações com fontes de nitrogênio, fotoperíodo, fotossíntese e assimilação do nitrogênio. PhD Thesis, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil.Google Scholar
Antunes, W. C., Pompelli, M. F., Carretero, D. M. and DaMatta, F. M. (2008). Allometric models for non-destructive leaf area estimation in coffee (Coffea arabica and C. canephora). Annals of Applied Biology 153:33–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berninger, F., Nikinmaa, E., Sievanen, R. and Nygren, P. (2000). Modelling of reserve carbohydrate dynamics, regrowth and nodulation in a N2-fixing tree managed by periodic prunings. Plant, Cell & Environment 23;1025–1040.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cannell, M. G. R. (1970). The contribution of carbohydrates from vegetative laterals to the growth of fruits on the bearing branches of Coffea arabica. Turrialba 20:15–19.Google Scholar
Chaves, A. R. M. (2009). Aspectos fisiológicos do crescimento e da produção do cafeeiro. PhD Thesis, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil.Google Scholar
Chaves, A. R. M., Ten-Caten, A., Pinheiro, H. A., Ribeiro, A. and DaMatta, F. M. (2008). Seasonal changes in photoprotective mechanisms of leaves from shaded and unshaded field-grown coffee (Coffea arabica L.) trees. Trees 22:351–361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DaMatta, F. M., Chaves, A. R. M., Pinheiro, H. A., Ducatti, C. and Loureiro, M. E. (2003). Drought tolerance of two field-grown clones of Coffea canephora. Plant Science 164:111–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DaMatta, F. M., Cunha, R. L., Antunes, W. C., Martins, S. V. C., Araújo, W. L., Fernie, A. R. and Moraes, G. A. B. K. (2008). In field-grown coffee trees source-sink manipulation alters photosynthetic rates, independently of carbon metabolism, via alterations in stomatal function. New Phytologist 178:348–357.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DaMatta, F. M., Loos, R. A., Silva, E. A. and Loureiro, M. E. (2002). Leaf photosynthetic characteristics of Coffea canephora as affected by nitrogen and water availability. Journal of Plant Physiology 159:975–981.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DaMatta, F. M. and Ramalho, J. D. C. (2006). Impacts of drought and temperature stress on coffee physiology and production: a review. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 18:55–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DaMatta, F. M., Ronchi, C. P., Maestri, M. and Barros, R. S. (2010). Coffee: environment and crop physiology. In Ecophysiology of Tropical Tree Crops, 181–216 (Ed DaMatta, F. M.). New York: Nova Science.Google Scholar
Davis, A. P., Govaerts, R., Bridson, D. M. and Stoffelen, P. (2006). An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 152:465–512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farquhar, G. D., Ehleringer, J. R. and Hubik, K. T. (1989). Carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 40:503–537.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrão, R. G., Fonseca, A. F. A., Ferrão, M. A. G., De Muner, L. H., Verdin Filho, A. C., Volpi, P. S., Marques, E. M. G. and Zucateli, F. (2004). Técnicas de Produção com Variedades Melhoradas. Vitória, Brazil: Incaper.Google Scholar
Fonseca, A. F. A., Ferrão, R. G., Lani, J. A., Ferrão, M. A. G. and Volpi, P. S. (2007). Manejo da cultura do café conilon: espaçamento, densidade de plantio e podas. In Café Conilon, 257–277. (Eds Ferrão, R. G., Fonseca, A. F. A., Bragança, S. M., Ferrão, M. A. G. and De Muner, L. H.). Vitória, Brazil: Incaper.Google Scholar
Lima, A. L., DaMatta, F. M., Pinheiro, H. A., Totola, M. R. and Loureiro, M. E. (2002). Photochemical responses and oxidative stress in two clones of Coffea canephora under water deficit conditions. Environmental and Experimental Botany 47:239–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ourry, A., Kim, T. H. and Boucaud, J. (1994). Nitrogen reserve mobilization during regrowth of Medicago sativa: relationships between availability and regrowth yield. Plant Physiology 105:831–837.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Patel, R. Z. (1970). A note on the seasonal variations in starch content of different parts of Arabica coffee trees. East African of Agricultural and Forest Journal 36:1–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Praxedes, S. C., DaMatta, F. M., Loureiro, M. E., Ferrão, M. A. G. and Cordeiro, A. T. (2006). Effects of long-term soil drought on photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in mature robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre var. kouillou) leaves. Environmental and Experimental Botany 56:263–273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ronchi, C. P. (2009, June). Emprego adequado da poda para renovação do cafeeiro Conilon. In Anais do VI Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil. Vitória, Brasil: Incaper (on CD-ROM).Google Scholar
Ronchi, C. P. and DaMatta, F. M. (2007). Aspectos fisiológicos do café conilon. In Café Conilon, 95–119 (Eds Ferrão, R. G., Fonseca, A. F. A., Bragança, S. M., Ferrão, M. A. G. and De Muner, L. H.). Vitória, Brazil: Incaper.Google Scholar
Silva, E. A., DaMatta, F. M., Ducatti, C., Regazzi, A. J. and Barros, R. S. (2004). Seasonal changes in vegetative growth and photosynthesis of Arabica coffee trees. Field Crops Research 89:349–357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silveira, J. S. M. and Rocha, A. C. (1995). Poda. In Manual Técnico para a Cultura do Café no Estado do Espírito Santo, 54–62. (Eds Costa, E. B., Silva, A. E. S., Andrade Neto, A. P. M. and Daher, F. A.). Vitória, Brazil: SEAG.Google Scholar
Sistemas de Análises Estatísticas e Genéticas (SAEG) (1993). UFV 5.0. Viçosa: Fundação Arthur Bernardes.Google Scholar
Wormer, T. M. and Ebagole, H. E. (1965). Visual scoring of starch in Coffea arabica L. II. Starch in bearing and non-bearing branches. Experimental Agriculture 1:41–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar