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Effects of establishment method and water management on yield and water productivity of tropical lowland rice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2019

Hayat Ullah ,
Suman Giri ,
Ahmed Attia  and
Avishek Datta Open the ORCID record for Avishek Datta [Opens in a new window]
Hayat Ullah
Affiliation:
Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
Suman Giri
Affiliation:
Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
Ahmed Attia
Affiliation:
Agronomy Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharqia 44519, Egypt
Avishek Datta*
Affiliation:
Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
*
*Corresponding author. Emails: datta@ait.ac.th; avishek.ait@gmail.com
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Abstract

Modification of the existing cropping practice is needed to maintain rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity and reduce irrigation water input. A 2-year field experiment was conducted during the dry rice growing season of 2016 and 2017 at the Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand, to investigate the effects of establishment method and irrigation level on growth, yield, and water productivity of irrigated lowland rice. The treatments consisted of two Thai rice cultivars (Pathumthani 1 and RD57), two establishment methods (dry direct seeding [DDS] and transplanting [TP]), and three irrigation levels (continuous flooding [CF], 15 cm threshold water level below the soil surface for irrigation [AWD15], and 30 cm threshold water level below the soil surface for irrigation [AWD30]). Overall, the performance of RD57 was better than Pathumthani 1 under DDS with 50% higher grain yield and 90% higher water productivity at AWD15. RD57 also had higher shoot dry matter, number of tiller m–2, and number of panicle m–2 across establishment methods and irrigation levels. Grain yield and water productivity of RD57 were similar under two establishment methods across irrigation levels, whereas the performance of TP was better than DDS for Pathumthani 1 irrespective of irrigation levels. The highest grain yield and water productivity of Pathumthani 1 was observed at AWD15 under TP and that of RD57 under both establishment methods at the same irrigation level. AWD15 saved 26 and 32% irrigation water under TP and DDS, respectively, compared with TP-CF treatment combination. AWD15 irrigation level could be recommended for greater water productivity without compromising yield when Pathumthani 1 is cultivated through TP and RD57 is cultivated through either DDS or TP. Although water-saving potential was higher compared with CF, AWD30 is not recommended for irrigated lowland rice cultivation due to significant yield reduction.

Keywords

Direct seedingPathumthani 1RD57TransplantingWater managementWater savings
Type
Research Article
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 56 , Issue 3 , June 2020 , pp. 331 - 346
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019

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