78 children and the teenagers. The first group - 6-11 years - 35 people (44,9%), the second group - 12-15 years - 43 people (55,1%).

kliniko-psychiatric, psychodiagnostic: «family Drawing», «the Nonexistent animal», a questionnaire «diagnostics presence of fears» by the Rostov medical university, ЕРI, a children's questionnaire of neurosises, uneasiness school.

The raised weariness and uneasiness are revealed at the 51 (65,4±5,4%) schoolchildren. Intensity and the emotional stress connected with school, were marked almost at the every second child with problems in study and at the every third in time pupil. These persons more often had psychosomatic diseases, school phobias, attention frustration, hyperactivity. 42 people (53,8±5,6%) have been established the diagnosis of vegeto-vascular dystonia. It is children and the teenagers more often suffering allergic diseases, a squint, an enuresis, stutter. 12 (15,4±4,1%) children and teenagers feel fear before to parents. The greatest quantity is necessary on “medical” fears - 22 people (28,2±5,1%) among the fixed fears. Then the fears were distributed connected with causing of a physical damage - 16 people (20,5±4,6%) and socially mediated fears - 11 people (14,1±3,9%). Aggression has been fixed at 27 people (34,6±5,4%) surveyed.

Psychological characteristics of children and the teenagers who have suffered owing to Chernobyl accident specify in high level neurotizen and family desadaptation, uneasiness, depressive, high degree neurotizen. The psychotherapy is the basic means of treatment and preventive maintenance in system of complex social-psychological rehabilitation: dezactual neurotic semiology; symptomatic psychocorrection; socially-psychological correction; individual and family correctional work.

Cognitive impairment in patients with eating disorders was reported by the majority of studies addressing this issue. However, heterogeneous patterns of cognitive dysfunctions were observed and, in a minority of studies, no impairment was found. The present study was aimed to define the pattern of neurocognitive impairment in a large sample of bulimia nervosa (BN) patients and to demonstrate that neuroendocrine, personality and clinical characteristics influence neurocognitive performance in BN.

Attention, executive control, conditional and incidental learning were evaluated in 83 untreated female patients with BN and 77 healthy controls. Cortisol and 17β-estradiol plasma levels were assessed. Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R), the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale were administered.

No impairment of cognitive performance was found in subjects with BN vs. healthy controls. The higher the cortisol level and “Self-directedness” scores the better the performance on conditional learning, while 17β-estradiol levels showed an opposite pattern of association; “Reward dependence” scores were associated to a worse performance on incidental learning; depressive symptomatology negatively influenced the performance on the WCST.

No cognitive impairment was found in untreated patients with BN in the explored cognitive domains. An influence of neuroendocrine, personality and clinical variables on neurocognitive functioning was found, which might explain discrepancies in literature findings.

This study examined adolescents with anorexia nervosa admitted to a tertiary referral unit in Dublin over a 3 year period.The aims of the study were to assess changes if any in patient clinical and laboratory parameters specifically weight change, body mass index (BMI), cardiovascular, haematological and biochemical measurements over the course of in-patient stay.

Hospital computerized databases and clinical case notes were examined for each patient.Results were compared with Royal College of Psychiatrists (RCP) and National Institute for Clinical Evidence (NICE) guidelines for treatment of in-patients with anorexia nervosa.

There were at total of 42 admissions over the 3 years.7 males and 35 females were admitted.Median length of admission was 88 days. Female patients gained on average 7.2 kilograms during their admission.The average female BMI on admission was 14.9 on admission and 17.6 on discharge. 82.3% of female admissions had blood abnormalities, the most common being anaemia and hypokalaemia.45.7% of female patients had an abnormal electrocariograph.25% of female patients required transfer out during their admission for medical review.

The eating disorder unit fulfilled the RCP and NICE guidelines for 97.6% of patients in terms of blood results performed and 92.8% in terms of electrocardiographs performed.The average BMI on discharge for both males and females was above 17.5 which is regarded as the normal cut off point for anorexia nervosa.The importance of this study despite its limited sample size is that it is the first study of investigations and outcomes in an Irish in-patient adolescent eating disorder sample.

In our study, we compared the prevalence of alexithymia in diabetic patients with non-diabetic controls and investigated the relationship between Alexithymia and glycaemic control in diabetes.

In this cross-sectional study, TAS-20 scores of 100 diabetic patients and 50 non-diabetic controls were compared.

A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data to describe the participants and aspects of their diabetes.

Prevalence of Alexithymia was not significantly higher than in the control (45% Vs 40%;p=0.56).

The diabetic study population was predominantly female (71%) and married (73%).

The average age in diabetic population: 56.21 years (ET=10.58); starting age: 46.8 years; average duration of diabetes: 9.41 years.

Alexithymic diabetic patients have more traumatic events (93.3% Vs 78.2%; p=0.035), especially such as the death of a parent (73.3% Vs 50.9%; p=0.022), than non-alexithymic counterparts. Factors such as comorbidities and presence of diabetic complications were not significantly associated with TAS-20.

Alexithymic diabetic patients were under a worse glycaemic control compared to their non-alexithymic counterparts (84.4% Vs 65.5%; p=0.031).

The high prevalence of alexithymia among diabetic individuals is an indicator of its importance in the approach to diabetic patients. The presence of alexithymia seems to be related to glycaemic control and might be of value in terms of risk stratification of the individual diabetic patient for developing diabetic complications.

To assess the prevalence and structure of non-adherence in Russian population of patients with advanced atherosclerosis.

Sixty patients (mean age was 69±11 yrs, 30 males) with advanced cerebral arteriosclerosis and ischemic heart disease were randomly selected from cardiovascular department and enrolled in the study for subsequent psychiatric counseling, questionnaires and MRI procedures. Patients with stoke, focal neurological deficit and any psychiatric disorders in anamnesis were excluded.

We have shown that 80% of patients have decreased or completely absent adherence to medical care. This patients were subsequently divided into three subgroups. First subgroup (30%) was characterized by partial denial of illness, where 3 (5%) patients suggest that they understanding somatic disease clinical course better than doctors. Significantly decreased compliance was most apparent in secound subgroup (30%), manifesting in self-changing drug and dosage regimen (for instance, skipping the medication without the doctor advise. In this subgroup 6 patients (10%) showed denial of treatment pattern underscored that conventional treatment for atherosclerosis as a whole is harmful for them and prefer to avoid all medications after discharge. Third subgroup included patients with vascular dementia (20%), where MRI analysis revealed white matter lesions with preferable localisation in emotional areas of cerebral (sub)cortex. There was a strong and significant correlation between the MRI white matter leasions score and treatment non-adherence level (r = 0.75).

Non-adherence is very prevalent in patients with advanced atherosclerosis estimating for up to 80%, while severe non-adherence is observed in 35% of patients.

Several studies have examined the neuropsychological functioning in patients with Eating Disorders (ED) suggesting that they could be related to an impairment in several areas. We investigate such cognitive functions especially decision making and visual-spatial memory in an independent sample of patients suffering from ED and to evaluate possible differences between patients suffering from Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN) as well as between ED subjects and healthy controls.

Trial Making Test (TMT), Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and Gambling Task (GT) were administered to 15 AN patients 12 BN patients and 19 healthy subjects.

We observed that 80% of AN and the 75% of BN subjects performed poorly in the IGT compared to the healthy subjects (36,8%). Similarly, ED patients committed more mistakes and employed more time to complete TMT compared to healthy controls. However, no significant difference was found between ED groups and healthy subjects with respect to GT. Further, no significant difference was observed between AN and BN subjects with respect to IGT and GT.

Our results suggested that patients with ED could have a significant deficit in visual-spatial attention. As a consequence they need more time to complete the task and make more mistakes. Furthermore ED patient had a deficit in decision making tasks as well. This could reflect deficits in planning long term strategies to approach problems, possibly leading to improper behaviors for the control of their weight.

A significant number of patients suffering from a mood disorder gain weight either due to the medication side effect and/or the lack of exercise. Binge Eating disorder has a high comorbidity with mood disorders. Both disorders have been found separately to have a high negative impact ob the patients quality of life

The aim of the study was to investigate the possible impact of binge eating symptomatology in the quality of life of obese patients suffering from a mood disorder.

We approached 117 obese patients treated for mood disorder (unipolar and/or bipolar). All patients were recruited from a free of charge anti-obesity program specifically designed for mental patients that have gained weight. Each participant filled in the WHO Quality of Life Brief Scale (WHOQOL-Bref), a questionnaire on Binge Eating symptomatology based on DSM-IV research criteria, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS).

According to DSM-IV criteria 40 patients were suffering from Binge Eating Disorder. The comparison between Binge Eating and non Binge Eating group (t-test) showed that the former group had higher SPAS measurements (p=0.007) and lower WHOQOL-Bref measurements in the psychological (p=0.01) and physical (p=0.006) domains. All other measurements as well as age, body mass index and gender did not show any statistical significant difference between the two groups.

The presence of Binge Eating symptomatology might worsen patients quality of life especially when they are already carrying the burden of a mood disorder and obesity.

Our study, descriptive and forward-looking, was led with diabetics type 2, consulting in the service of endocrinology of HEDI CHAKER Hospital of Sfax.

The collection of the information was realized with the help of:

1. - A data sheet containing socio-demographic data and clinical data concerning the diabetes.

2. - Hospital-Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

3. - Toronto Alexithymia Scale of 20 items.

Our sample consisted of 96 diabetics: 67 women and 29 men.

• The average age was of 56.23 years (ET=10, 85)

• The prevalence of depression was 32.3%, that of anxiety was 56. 3%.

• The alexithymia was estimated at 46.9%.

• The depression was correlated to the presence of cardiac co-morbidity (p=0,012).

• High prevalence of depression was found in diabetic's suffering from neurological (0.002) and renal (p=0.007) complications.

• The depression was the source of a less regular follow-up.

• The association depression-alexithymia was correlated at a less good balance of the diabetes (p=0.038).

• The anxiety does not seem to interfere with the clinical characteristics of the type 2 diabetes.

Diabetics suffering from depression have more co-morbidity and complications. This risk was increased by the association of alexithymia. So, a screening of the psychiatric symptoms is necessary to improve the quality of life and the evolution of the disease.

Increasing amount of evidence indicates an association between alexithymia and eating disorder (ED) symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible association between alexithymia and EDs in a non-clinical sample of late adolescents.

The questionnaire was sent to 935 adolescents of whom 729 (78%) completed it, thus forming the final sample. The mean age in the sample was 19 years (range 17−21 years). Alexithymia was measured using the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and ED symptoms were assessed using the SCOFF questionnaire, a novel tool for screening ED symptoms. A TAS-20 score of 61 or more was used as the cut-off point for classifying a subject as alexithymic, and for SCOFF, the cut-off point for a SCOFF positive subject was of two or more positive answers.

The rate of alexithymia was 8.2% (8.2% for females and 8.5% for males). The mean TAS-20 scores were 44.65 for females and 45.98 for males without any gender difference. Among the alexithymic adolescents, the share of SCOFF positive subjects was significantly higher as compared to the non-alexithymic group (32.2% vs. 11.3%). The mean SCOFF scores also differed significantly between alexithymic and non-alexithymic subjects (0.93 vs. 0.42). The association was clear in the DIF and DDF subscales of TAS-20.

The results suggest that ED symptoms are more common in alexithymic adolescents. However, the evaluation of causal links calls for longitudinal studies.

The results of clinical and epidemiological study of 2181 patients (average age-54 ± 0.8) are presented.

Inventory for clinical-anamnestic behavior sign of adaptation form of disease of patients with comorbid phenomenon and standard scales for value of anxiety and depressions were used.

Patients with somatoform pain more complicated in pharmacologic treatment, have complex diagnostic procedures, sometimes surgical interventions, were are often cases of analgesic dependence 5,8 (P< 0,05). The patient with idiopathic pain (antidepressant therapy's reply 4,2 (P< 0,05) and cognitive therapy's 2,8(P< 0,05)) and organ somatizations (analgesic dependence 3,5 (P< 0,05), antidepressant therapy's effect 4,3 (P< 0,05) and the cognitive therapy's reply 3,4(P< 0,05)) almost never has decided the idea about the mental nature of agonizing somatic sensations, seldom collaborate with psychiatrists.

The phenomenon of somatization is a group of disorders in the base of which mechanisms of the psychical adaptation and behavior are. The admission of axial somatization's symptoms as mechanisms of the psychical adaptation and behavior and additional, forming by the purposeful interview of the patient, is appearing to be reasons, that is making actual questions of the effective competent communication for the optimization of therapeutic interventions. Thereby, the phenomenon of the somatization as mechanisms of the psychical adaptation and behavior is axial symptoms and cultural dependent features forming in the structure of the purposeful interview and the doctor's clinical estimation of the patient - are additional.

The current study elucidates the relations between alexithymia and several biological components of the Metabolic Syndrome (MS). We hypothesized that various facets of the alexithymia construct are differentially related to single components characterizing the MS.

Investigated were N = 101 patients with MS. To establish the diagnosis of MS according to IDFC criteria, both laboratory (lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, type 2 diabetes) and non-laboratory (blood pressure, waist circumference, BMI) tests were included. Alexithymia was measured using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20).

Based on alexithymia scores, patients were classified as low- (TAS-20 score ≤ 51; N = 31), moderate- (51 < TAS-20 score < 61; N = 33), or high-alexithymic (TAS-20 score ≥ 61; N = 37). The amount of moderate and high alexithymic patients proved highly significant amongst patients with MS with readily established diabetes type 2. The alexithymia score showed overall correlations with diabetes type 2 (r = 0.380, p < 0.001) and triglyceride levels (r = 0.214, p < 0.016). Correlations with non-laboratory measures were significant for high blood pressure levels (r = 0.233, p < 0.010). Linear regression models confirmed the existence of linear causal relationships for the observed correlations.

The present results suggest that the alexithymia trait is related to specific biological marker variables in the metabolic syndrome. Alexithymia may, according to our study, contribute to the aggravation of the MS.

Eating Disorders concern a growing number of people. Several instruments were created to assess symptomatology of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa. Our aim is to create and validate a short questionnaire about all the eating symptoms of Eating Disorders, including Binge Eating Disorder.

The Questionnaire of Eating Behaviours (Scheda dei Comportamenti Alimentari, SCA) is a self-administered questionnaire composed of 13 items regarding all the eating symptoms of Eating Disorders. Items are divided into 3 scales: Restrictive Eating, Weight Control Practices and Binge Eating. The SCA was given to 200 female outpatients with Eating Disorders and to 218 non-clinical adult women. Student's t test was performed to compare clinical and non-clinical subjects, one-way ANOVA was performed to compare three diagnostic subtypes (Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder). Cronbach's Alpha and factor analysis were used to validate the questionnaire.

Clinical and non-clinical subjects get significantly different scores in all the three subscales. Besides, the three diagnostic subtypes scores significantly differ on each scale. Cronbach's Alpha values show a significant inner consistency in the subscales of Restrictive Eating and Binge Eating, while the Weight Control Practices one is not very homogeneous, as expected. The factor analysis has shown the presence of three factors, corresponding to the 3 scales.

The SCA has shown to be effective in distinguishing people with Eating Disorders from non-clinical subjects. For its characteristics of being short, easy to fill in and to interpret, the SCA seems to be an instrument suitable for screening purposes.

The psychological care of patients before and after surgical intervention is a component of quality of life. We observed that anxiety and/or depression frequently appears at surgical patients and, also, in their relatives. If psychological symptoms are correlated to the biological status of the surgical patients, for their relatives emotional stress is linked to patient's somatic and psychological status.

To highlight the role of emotional stress associated to anesthetic surgical stress for the increase of the defense reaction of the organism.

37 patients and 10 relatives completed the Hamilton Scales for Depression and Anxiety. Relatives also answered an open questionnaire to explore the perceived impact of plastic surgery on their own lives.

Patients’ relatives reported more troubling and life-altering experiences than the patients and scores for anxiety were higher.

The generalization of our results is still limited by the small number of participants in this study. However, it seems that psychological needs of relatives are equal or greater than that of the patients. Scores on Hamilton Anxiety Scale don’t seem correlated to Total Antioxidant Response (TAR), but are influenced by diet; for this reason, it is useful to add synthetic exogenous antioxidants (not only natural ones) to the diet of anxious surgical patients.

The aim of this study is to assess the personality traits in a sample of Spanish anorexic and bulimic outpatients.

The revised version of the Temperament and Character Inventory was administered to 76 women attended in an Eating Disorders Unit and to 46 healthy controls. Both groups were matched by gender, age and instruction.

Diagnoses in the sample were distributed as follows: bulimia nervosa (BN) 33, binging-purging type anorexia nervosa (BPAN) 23 and restricting anorexia nervosa (RAN) 18. RAN patients were significantly younger (21.6 vs. 26.3 p < 0.01). Differences in the harm avoidance, persistence and selfdirectedness subscales of the TCI were found (see table).

In concordance with previous reports, compared with healthy controls, patients show lower scores in self-directedness. Persistence seems to be associated with restricting behaviours, whereas harm avoidance with binging and purging. RAN trends to have low scores in novelty seeking items and BN shows lower reward dependence, but this differences are not statistically significant, perhaps because of sample size.