Evidence has been accumulating for association between PD and addiction in case report, retrospective and epidemiological study but generally focused on only one substance/behaviour and without taking any comparison group. The central question is PD patients are they prone to addictive behaviours more than general population do?

A cross-sectional, self questionnaire-based study was undertaken. The self-report (AUDIT, Fagerström, TDAS, SOGS…) explored addictions with substance (alcohol, tobacco…) or without (gambling, sex) in PD patients and healthy controls, mood disorders were also evaluated.

After screening full filed questionnaire and appropriate age- and sex-matched controls, we obtained 115 patients and controls. Dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) is described in the total PD patients population (n=139).

We found a higher prevalence of smokers and positive for harmful drinking or alcohol dependence in the control group than in PD patients (2.6% smokers, 6.4% for alcohol). There is more over no significant differences between the two groups concerning gamblers prevalence. Pathologic hypersexuality prevalence is 1.8% in PD group (no case in controls) and 11.5% for DDS. Anxiety disorders in PD patients with DDS are more frequent than in PD patients without and 3 patients develop another addiction besides DDS.

Compared with general population and against all expectations HS and PG prevalence seems not to differ. However, the DDS seems to be a frequent syndrome which draws our attention to better screen this problem, especially taking into account the fact that anxiety appears to be closely link to it.

To examine rates of nonmedical use (NMU) of prescription extended-release (ER) amphetamines and ER methylphenidate, relative to availability.

Prescribing data were acquired from IMS Health. Data relevant to ER amphetamine and ER methylphenidate were collected from two studies in the RADARS® (Researched Abuse, Diversion and Addiction-Related Surveillance) System (Q3 2007-Q2 2009). First, the Drug Diversion System provides a law enforcement perspective based on surveys of diversion investigators throughout the US. Second, the Poison Center System provides data on exposures to prescription drugs based on spontaneous calls. RADARS System data are presented as rates per 1,000 Unique Recipients of Dispensed Drug (URDD) to account for drug availability.

From July 2007-June 2009, 18,315,404 prescriptions were filled for ER amphetamines, 26,674,152 for ER methylphenidate. RADARS System Drug Diversion trends nearly overlap for ER amphetamine and ER methylphenidate, relative to URDD (running average of 0.042 vs. 0.024 drug diversion reports per 1,000 URDD). Similarly, trends in RADARS System Poison Center calls are generally similar for ER amphetamine and ER methylphenidate, although ER amphetamine trends slightly lower (running average of 0.15 vs. 0.22 intentional exposures per 1,000 URDD).

Trends from the US RADARS System, which controls for utilization rates, suggest diversion and poison center call rates are similar for ER amphetamine and ER methylphenidate.

Supported by funding from Shire Development Inc.

In Andalucia (Spain), exist a high prescription of antidepressants, joined to an elevated variability in the choice of it.

To describe associated variables with the prescription of antidepressants in Andalucia. To determinate percentage of depresive disorder in antidepressants users.

Observational, descriptive

Primary Health Care, with Health Centers of Andalusian Community participating.

Patients older than 18 years old, users of antidepressants. The inclusion in the study will require informed consent by the patient.

Sociodemographics; Familiars and Personals precedents of mental disorders; number and duration of episodes in which it has taken antidepressants; Hamilton anxiety-depression index; Beck‘s depression index; Diagnosis of depressive disorder or another with need of antidepressant treatment; Comorbility ; Origin of the presciption. Variables in relation with the prescriptor will be mesurement.

It is calculated by accepting a signification level of 95%, and a percentage of depresive disorder over antidepressants users unknowed (p = q = 50%). A sample size of 770 patients is estimated, including losses.

Determinations will be carried out through descriptive statistics; frequency distribution, dispersion and central tendency measurements. A measurement of possible associations between variables through contrast of hypothesis test will also be calculated. So, Pearson's chi-square test for qualitatives variables and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for quantitatives. The study will be finished studig association between potentials variables existing in antidepressants users and depression diagnosis through model of binary logistic regression.

Present study shows the socio-demographic and clinical profile of patients with severe mental illness in Mancha Centro health area. Furthermore, it is a descriptive approach to the current state of clinical assistance in the area.

Socio-demographic and clinical variables were collected in a sample of 55 patients, 37 men and 18 women with severe mental illness, treated at the Mancha Centro Mental Health Centre. Using SPSS.15, analysis of qualitative and quantitative variables was made.

Average age was 39, 25 years +/− 8, 82; 72, 7% lived with their families and 85, 5% had the support of relatives. Main diagnosis were: psychotic disorder (81,2%) with high proportion of schizoaffective disorder; mood disorders (9,1%), personality disorders (5,5%) and OCD (3,6%). In the last two years, 25, 5% was admitted in a medium-stay psychiatric unit, 15% in a short- time stay psychiatric unit and, in the last six months, 4% came to emergency service. Patients with higher number of admissions and emergency consultations were those with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The average time of follow up was 10 years (+/− 6, 84), every 49, 45 days (+/− 19,1). 80% receive group therapy, 85,5% family intervention and 54,5% cognitive rehabilitation.

We found a profile of young man with significant family support, low number of admissions and emergency consultations. Results could be in relation to: geographical dispersion, emergency access difficulties and protective socio-cultural factors. Better knowledge about needs would allow a better assistance in the future.

To determine the incidence of delirium in those patients presenting to a psychiatric clinic in Nigeria and to examine if any demographic or clinical variables were correlated with this diagnosis.

To determine the incidence and correlates of delirium in patients referred to a psychiatric clinic in Nigeria

A prospective survey design. 264 consecutive new referrals to a psychiatric clinic in Nigeria were assessed for the presence of delirium using a standardised diagnostic scale. Data was analysed for normality and appropriate statistical test employed to examine the relationships between the presence of delirium and demographic and clinical variables.

18.2% of individuals presenting to the mental health clinics had delirium. No demographic variable was significant regarding the presence or absence of delirium. With regards to clinical variables duration of current symptoms, referral source, and the presence of co-morbid physical illness were significantly associated with the presence of delirium. Most delirium was due to infections. Nearly all patients with delirium were prescribed psychotropic medication (95.2%) and most attributed their symptoms to a spiritual cause.

Delirium presents more commonly to psychiatry services in the less developed world compared to the West. Development efforts should focus on recognition and management of delirium to improve outcomes and maximise resources.

The spread of drug abuse in our country was influenced by many factors, and as the most important are the following social factors caused by changed conditions of life increase in delinquency and deviant behavior, and a new style of life, loss of cultural identity, conflict, feeling of insecurity and helplessness, which can be encouraged and by influential groups in the environment.

1. The aim of this work is an indication of socio-demographic characteristics of addicts in our clinic, and view profiles addicts Šumadija district.

We used the following medical documentation:

1. Ø history of disease addicts

2. Ø protocols examined and treated addicts in this institution from 2002 - 2006. year.

Following some socio-demographic characteristics of drug addicts treated in our clinic, we came to the profile of addicts Šumadija county:

1. Ø these are the people in the age of 20 - 30 years

2. Ø male

3. Ø from the urban environment

4. Ø without rešenog marital status

5. Ø without the employment relationship

6. Ø hospital treated several times, who because of his behavior asocijalnog came into conflict with the law

2. The obtained profile of addicts should provide adequate treatment of this disease and to point out that drug addiction is a medical, but also a sociological problem.

3. Only adequate preventive measures such as teaching in elementary and secondary schools, in the form of various discussions, through the media where they would be included all the relative factors (SO, Red Cross, Center for social work, police, judiciary and others) can give results in the fight against this disease.

In 1984 the Psychiatric Andalusian Reform began, with the objective of replacing the institutionalization manicomial system with an alternative model of integrated network of services, based on the community. This carried a dramatic reduction of inpatient beds and subsequent increase in pressure on available beds in hospitalisation units, as well as the appearance of a higher risk of readmission.

The purpose of this retrospective study is to identify clinical and demographic variables that correlated with readmission in our Psychiatry Unit, over a two year period (from January 2006 to December 2008).

Data were abstracted from medical records for retrospective analysis. Repeat users were defined as those individuals receiving two or more inpatient admissions to our Psychiatry Unit during the study period. Statistical comparisons were made between repeat and single admission groups to identify variables predictive of rehospitalization, such as age, gender, diagnosis, comorbidity of mood and personality disorders, alcohol dependence / abuse, number of previous admissions, number of compulsory admissions, length of admission and treatment among others.

Most important predictors for readmissions included age, previous psychiatric admission, alcohol and illegal substance dependence / abuse, comorbidity of personality disorder and early drop-out of treatment.

Our results indicated that there are several factors involved in a higher risk of readmission in our Psychiatry Unit. By identifying predictors of readmission and intervening appropriately, unnecessary readmission may be prevented.

It has been recognised that poor sleep quantity (i.e. short sleep duration) is associated with an increased risk for physical and mental diseases. However, there have been fewer studies on the associations of poor sleep quality with physical and mental health.

The subjects were 3684 (2471 males and 1213 females) employees aged 20-65 working in local government in Japan. A questionnaire survey was conducted in January 2003. Sleep quality and physical and mental health were evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Short Form 36 (SF-36), respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate whether each subscale of PSQI was independently associated with poor physical and mental health (the lowest 25 percentile of the Physical and Mental Component Summary (PCS and MCS) Scores of SF-36), after adjustment for potential confounding factors.

Subjective sleep quality, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction were significantly associated with poor physical health. Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction were significantly associated with poor mental health. The associations of subscale scores of poor sleep quality with health were relatively stronger for poor mental health than for poor physical health. Sleep duration (i.e. sleep quantity) was not associated with poor physical and mental health.

Some of the poor sleep quality measures were independently associated with both poor physical and mental health of Japanese civil servants. Longitudinal study is necessary to confirm the causal relationships between sleep quality and health.

Mental health consequences of social decline due to unemployment, poverty and social exclusion should be adressed with locally and culturally responsive mental health services.

to influence development of mental health services in accordance with population needs.

to assess mental health needs of the local population.

Data on frequency of visits to psychiatric outpatient clinic, hospitalization and rehospitalization rates, benzodiazepine and antidepressant prescriptions as well as social status and social services´ use because od mental health disorders in the east north region of Slovenia are to be presented.

This is the region with one of the highest use of alcohol and BZD, with lowest income and high unemployment rate, rising in last years due to closing some large factories in the time of transition and economic crisis. The region also presents one of the highest sucide rates and high alcohol addiction problems.

Public mental health action regarding these problems is needed. Proposals for mental health needs assessment are to be suggested in this poster presentation.

Differences in prevalence rates between different ethnic groups in the Netherlands and Belgium have been demonstrated. But there is no data on treatment differences among ethnic groups in the Netherlands.

To obtain more knowledge on differences in mental health care among ethnic groups in the Netherlands.

To determine whether these minority groups will be more or less likely to be receiving psychotropic drugs.

A descriptive population study was performed using the Agis Health Database, containing data of approximately 1.5 million inhabitants of The Netherlands. Rates of prescriptions of psychotropic drugs from 2001 to 2006 and adjusted odds ratios for psychotropic drug prescriptions among native Dutch, Turkish, and Moroccan ethnic groups were calculated. These data were analyzed using logistic regression, adjusted for age, gender and socioeconomic status.

Among both the Moroccan and Turkish populations there was a higher risk of antidepressant drug prescriptions, antipsychotic drug prescriptions and a pronounced lower risk of ADHD medication en lithium prescriptions compared with the native population. Among the Turkish population the risk of anxiolytic drug prescriptions compared with the native population was increased.

Compared with the native population in the Netherlands, first and second generation Turkish and Moroccan immigrants had an increased risk of antidepressant and antipsychotic drug prescriptions and a decreased risk of ADHD medication and lithium prescriptions. Further research is needed to clarify if patients of different ethnic backgrounds with the same symptoms receive equal diagnosis and treatment.

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPA-axis) is involved in the regulation of the stress response. Dysfunction of this system is implicated in a variety of psychiatric and emotional disorders.

To explore the association between HPA-axis functioning, as measured by morning cortisol, and common psychiatric disorders and symptoms among a community sample of adolescents.

Data from a cross-sectional school-based survey of 501 school pupils, aged 15, were used to establish the strength of association between morning salivary cortisol and both diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and number of psychiatric symptoms. Analysis, conducted separately by gender, used multiple regression, adjusting for relevant confounders.

With one exception (a positive association between conduct disorder symptoms and cortisol among females) there was no association between cortisol and psychiatric diagnosis or symptoms. However, there was a significant two-way interaction between gender and conduct symptoms, with females showing a positive and males a negative association between cortisol and conduct problems. A three-way interaction showed that while the association between cortisol and conduct symptoms was negative among males with few mood disorder symptoms, among females with many mood symptoms it was positive.

Except in relation to conduct symptoms, dysregulation of morning cortisol levels seems unrelated to any psychiatric disorder or symptoms. However, the relationship between cortisol and conduct symptoms is moderated by both gender and mood symptoms. Our findings suggest research should concentrate on the moderated associations between cortisol, gender, and psychiatric symptoms.

The use of physical coercion and involuntary admission is one of the most controversial practices in medicine, it is now understood that perceived coercion is multidimensional and is associated with procedural justice and perceived pressures, and not simply related to the legal status of the patient.

We sought to determine the rate of physical coercion used and the perceived pressures and procedural justice experienced by the person at the time of involuntary admission and whether this influenced future engagement with the mental health services.

Over a 15 month period, people admitted involuntarily were interviewed prior to discharge and at one year follow-up.

81 people participated in the study and 81% were interviewed at one year follow-up. At the time of involuntary admission, over half of people experienced at least one form of physical coercion and it was found that the level of procedural justice experienced was unrelated to the use of physical coercive measures. A total of 20% of participants intended not to voluntarily engage with the mental health services upon discharge and they were more likely to have experienced lower levels of procedural justice at the time of admission. At one year following discharge, 65% of participants were adherent with outpatient appointments and 18% had been readmitted involuntarily. The level of procedural justice experienced at admission did not predict future engagement with services.

This study demonstrates that the use of physical coercive measures is a separate entity from procedural justice and perceived pressures.

The objective of this study was to determine the rate of observe patients Privacy by treatment team and its correlation with patient's satisfaction in an Emergency Department.

This was a cross-sectional correlation study that 260 hospitalized elderly patients in census method were recruited in Emergency Department of selected hospital of Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using a questionnaire included various dimensions in patients privacy and satisfaction. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistical methods by SPSS software.

Half of patients perceived that their privacy observed at poor to medium level. About 49.4% of patients reported that their privacy was observed at near to excellent to excellent level. Also about 1/3 of patients perceived that physical privacy and psychosocial privacy observed in medium level and their good information privacy. Satisfaction of 76.4% patients was low and medium. However satisfaction 50% of patients in physical privacy and 58.6% in information privacy was low. There is a strong correlation between level of privacy observed and satisfaction in various dimensions. There was significant correlation between some of the demographic variable and observes of privacy and satisfaction.

In regard to observe of privacy and satisfaction of the most of patients is not in good level thus it is need to specific attention of clinicians and educators to this point. Also interventions is need for better observe of privacy and patients satisfaction.

• • Ward rounds and clinical review meetings should reflect the recovery model for mental health and person centred planning. They play a pivotal role in hospital-based care. They should enhance the quality of patient care, improving communication and address service users’ concerns and problems.

• • They should involve users as fully as possible in the development and review of their treatment plan, allow proper planning and evaluation of treatment and facilitate multi-professional training and education.

• • This audit is designed to benchmark current practice against proposed standards outlined below.

To establish if the ward review practice in Prof. Benbow's team on Cedar Ward, Penn hospital is in line with the proposed standards and to consider whether the standards are appropriate.

• • The sample population includes patients or the cares involved in their care. Data was gathered by means of questionnaires and retrospectively from psychiatric case records between the period 01/001/2008 and 31/12/2008.

• • The questionnaires were both respondent and researcher completed. Open and close ended questions were used.

• • The findings showed satisfaction with the ward meeting process, but participants identified issues that could be improved upon.

• • Audit strength includes clearly defined standards and giving room for additional comments.

• • Limitations includes small sample size and poor response from patients and the carers.