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Evaluation of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) as a screening method for hepatitis B markers in an open population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

J. A. McCready ,
D. Morens ,
H. A. Fields ,
P. J. Coleman ,
M. Kane  and
G. Schatz
J. A. McCready
Affiliation:
Hepatitis Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Reference and Research cm Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, Georgia30333
D. Morens
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii School of Public Health, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
H. A. Fields
Affiliation:
Hepatitis Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Reference and Research cm Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, Georgia30333
P. J. Coleman
Affiliation:
Hepatitis Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Reference and Research cm Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, Georgia30333
M. Kane
Affiliation:
Hepatitis Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Reference and Research cm Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, Georgia30333
G. Schatz
Affiliation:
Hepatitis Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Reference and Research cm Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, Georgia30333
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Commercially available kits for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were evaluated in American Samoa during a public health programme to eliminate the transmission of hepatitis B. The first 19184 serum specimens obtained, representing 68% of the total cooperating population, were initially tested for anti-HBs, and those without detectable antibody were tested for HBsAg. All the antigen-positive serum samples, and a selection of the antigen-and antibody-negative specimens were tested by radioimmunoassay (RIA) for detection of both markers. Compared with the standard tests, the EIA kits for anti-HBs and HBsAg performed well; sensitivity and specificity were 90·3 and 96·0%, respectively, for antibody, and 97·8 and 97·9% respectively for antigen. Substantial disagreement between the EIA and RIA tests for HBsAg was found only for specimens considered weakly reactive by EIA. Few differences were found between three EIA method options for follow-up HBsAg testing of weakly reactive serum specimens; each option contributed about equally to improved test specificity for these ‘borderline’ specimens. Based on their demonstrated equivalence to the standard RIA tests, we conclude that the EIA kits for anti-HBs and HBsAg detection are suitable for use in hepatitis B control programmes in open populations.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 107 , Issue 3 , December 1991 , pp. 673 - 684
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

References

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