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The effect of cigarette smoking on susceptibility to epidemic influenza and on serological responses to live attenuated and killed subunit influenza vaccines

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

J. S. MacKenzie ,
I. H. MacKenzie  and
P. G. Holt
J. S. MacKenzie
Affiliation:
University Department of Microbiology, Perth Medical Centre, NedlandsWA 6009
I. H. MacKenzie
Affiliation:
University Department of Microbiology, Perth Medical Centre, NedlandsWA 6009
P. G. Holt
Affiliation:
University Department of Microbiology, Perth Medical Centre, NedlandsWA 6009
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The effects of cigarette smoking on the incidence of epidemic influenza and on the serological response to influenza vaccination with killed subunit and live attenuated vaccines have been investigated during comparative vaccine trials in Western Australia. It was found that cigarette smokers with no pre-epidemic haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody (titres of ≤ 12) were significantly more susceptible to epidemic influenza than non-smokers. Smokers were no more susceptible however, if they had possessed detectable pre-epidemic HI antibody. A significantly higher proportion of smokers sero-converted after receiving the live virus vaccine than their non-smoking counterparts, but this could not be correlated with pre-vaccination HI antibody titres. The longevity of the immune response to the subunit vaccine was severely depressed 50 weeks post-vaccination in smokers who had possessed little or no immunity before vaccination (titres of ≤ 12). This antibody deficit was not observed in live virus vaccinees or subunit vaccinees with pre-vaccination HI antibody (titres of ≥ 24). Post-vaccinal symptoms were similar regardless of vaccine group or smoking history.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 77 , Issue 3 , December 1976 , pp. 409 - 417
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1976

References

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