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Prioritizing “Psychological” Consequences for Disaster Preparedness and Response: A Framework for Addressing the Emotional, Behavioral, and Cognitive Effects of Patient Surge in Large-Scale Disasters

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 April 2013

Lisa S. Meredith ,
David P. Eisenman ,
Terri Tanielian ,
Stephanie L. Taylor ,
Ricardo Basurto-Davila ,
James Zazzali ,
Dickson Diamond ,
Barbara Cienfuegos  and
Sandra Shields
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Abstract

While information for the medical aspects of disaster surge is increasingly available, there is little guidance for health care facilities on how to manage the psychological aspects of large-scale disasters that might involve a surge of psychological casualties. In addition, no models are available to guide the development of training curricula to address these needs. This article describes 2 conceptual frameworks to guide hospitals and clinics in managing such consequences. One framework was developed to understand the antecedents of psychological effects or “psychological triggers” (restricted movement, limited resources, limited information, trauma exposure, and perceived personal or family risk) that cause the emotional, behavioral, and cognitive reactions following large-scale disasters. Another framework, adapted from the Donabedian quality of care model, was developed to guide appropriate disaster response by health care facilities in addressing the consequences of reactions to psychological triggers. This framework specifies structural components (internal organizational structure and chain of command, resources and infrastructure, and knowledge and skills) that should be in place before an event to minimize consequences. The framework also specifies process components (coordination with external organizations, risk assessment and monitoring, psychological support, and communication and information sharing) to support evidence-informed interventions.

(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:73-80)

Keywords

stress, psychologicaldisaster responsesurge capacityhospital planninghealth facilitiesstress disorders, post-traumaticmental health servicescommunity health planningemergency services, psychiatricdisaster preparedness and responsehealth care servicesmental healthsurge capacity
Type
Concepts in Disaster Medicine
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , March 2011 , pp. 73 - 80
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. 2011

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