Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-qxdb6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T07:30:31.439Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Community Disaster Resilience and Risk Perception in Earthquake-Stricken Areas of China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2022

Zhixing Ma ,
Wenfeng Zhou ,
Xin Deng  and
Dingde Xu Open the ORCID record for Dingde Xu [Opens in a new window]
Zhixing Ma
Affiliation:
College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Wenfeng Zhou
Affiliation:
College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Xin Deng
Affiliation:
College of Economics, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
Dingde Xu*
Affiliation:
College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China Sichuan Center for Rural Development Research, College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
*
Corresponding Author: Dingde Xu, Email: dingdexu@sicau.edu.cn
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to further deepen our understanding of the relationship between community resilience and disaster risk perception of residents, so as to provide beneficial enlightenment for the construction of community resilience disaster prevention system and disaster risk management.

Methods:

This study surveyed 327 rural households in four counties of Sichuan Province, China, that were affected by the Wenchuan and Lushan earthquakes. Community disaster resilience was divided into five dimensions: connection and caring, resources, transformative potential, disaster management, and information and communication. Residents’ disaster risk perception was divided into three dimensions: possibility, threat, and worry. This study analyzed the characteristics of community disaster resilience and residents’ disaster risk perceptions. Ordinary least squares (OLS) methods were used to explore the correlations between these factors.

Results:

The results show that (1) Residents’ overall disaster risk perception was at a moderate level, and the community’s overall disaster resilience were above the moderate level. (2) Community connection and caring has a positive significant correlation with the possibility perception of disaster occurrence; transformative potential has a negative significant correlation with the possibility perception of disaster occurrence; the overall community disaster resilience has negative significant correlations with the possibility and the overall residents’ perception of disaster risk occurrence.

Conclusions:

The implication for the local government is that the government should appropriately increase its contact with external institutions/organizations, especially some Non-Governmental Organization, to strengthen the resilience and disaster prevention capacity of the community. Establish and improve information and communication networks to ensure the timely and effective transmission of effective disaster information, and strengthen the supervision of the dissemination of false information to reduce the losses caused by false information to residents. Attention should be paid to psychological counseling for people in disaster-hit areas to reduce the psychological trauma of the disaster.

Keywords

Community disaster resilienceDisaster risk perceptionLushan earthquakeSichuan ProvinceWenchuan earthquake
Type
Original Research
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 17 , 2023 , e74
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Peng, Y, Zhu, X, Zhang, F, Huang, L, et al. Farmers’ risk perception of concentrated rural settlement development after the 5.12 Sichuan Earthquake. Habitat Int. 2018;71:169-176. doi: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2017.11.008 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, DD, Liu, EL, Wang, XX, Tang, H, Liu, SQ. Rural households’ livelihood capital, risk perception, and willingness to purchase earthquake disaster insurance: evidence from southwestern China. Int J Environ Res. 2018;15:1319. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15071319 Google ScholarPubMed
Xu, D, Qing, C, Deng, X, et al. Disaster risk perception, sense of pace, evacuation willingness, and relocation willingness of rural households in earthquake-stricken areas: evidence from Sichuan Province, China. Int J Environ Res. 2020;17:602. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020602 Google ScholarPubMed
Xu, D, Zhuang, L, Deng, X et al. Media exposure, disaster experience, and risk perception of rural households in earthquake-stricken areas: evidence from rural China. Int J Environ Res. 2020;17:3246. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093246 Google ScholarPubMed
Xu, D, Zhou, W, Deng, X, et al. Information credibility, disaster risk perception and evacuation willingness of rural households in China. Nat. hazards. 2020. doi: 10.1007/s11069-020-04106-5 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CRED (Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters). EM-DAT Database. 2019. Accessed 12 Aug 2019. http://www.emdat.be/ Google Scholar
Paton, D, Millar, M, Johnston, D. Community Resilience to Volcanic Hazard Consequences. Nat. Hazards. 2001;24(2):157-169. doi: 10.1023/a:1011882106373 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Platts-Fowler, D, Robinson, D. Community resilience: a policy tool for local government? Local Gov Stud. 2016;42(5):762-784. doi: 10.1080/03003930.2016.1186653 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, GA. Community resilience, policy corridors and the policy challenge. Land Use Policy. 2013;31:298-310. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.07.011 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cui, K, Han, Z. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the 10-item conjoint community resiliency assessment measurement in a community-based sample in southwest China. Int J Disaster Risk Sci. 2019;10(4):439-448. doi: 10.1007/s13753-019-00240-2 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ostadtaghizadeh, A, Ardalan, A, Paton, D, et al. Community disaster resilience: a systematic review on assessment models and tools. PLoS Curr. 2015;7. doi: 10.1371/currents.dis.f224ef8efbdfcf1d508dd0de4d8210ed CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, EEH, McClure, J, Potter, SH, et al. Motivations to prepare after the 2013 Cook Strait Earthquake, N.Z. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2018;31:637-649. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.07.008 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindell, MK, Prater, CS, Wu, HC, et al. Immediate behavioural responses to earthquakes in Christchurch, New Zealand, and Hitachi, Japan. Disasters. 2016;40(1):85-111. doi: 10.1111/disa.12133 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cui, K, Han, Z, Wang, D. Resilience of an earthquake-stricken rural community in southwest China: correlation with disaster risk reduction efforts. Int J Environ Res. 2018;15(3):407. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15030407 Google ScholarPubMed
Qiu, AJ, Bai, W, Gan, J. Exploration and innovation of global 100 resilient city strategy compilation method - a case study of Deyang City. Urban Development Studies. 2019;26(2):38-73. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Spaans, M, Waterhout, B. Building up resilience in cities worldwide – Rotterdam as participant in the 100 Resilient Cities Programme. Cities. 2017;61:109-116. doi: 10.1016/j.cities.2016.05.011 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CNSB (China National Statistical Bureau). Sichuan Province Earthquake Disaster Survey in 2018. Beijing: China Statistical Press; 2008, 2013.Google Scholar
Xu, DD, Liu, Y, Deng, X, et al. Earthquake disaster risk perception process model for rural households: a pilot study from southwestern China. Int J Environ Res. 2019;16(22):4512. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16224512 Google ScholarPubMed
Liao, M, Su, Y, Li, F. Urban community construction under the framework of resilience system. Chinese Public Administration. 2018;33(4):57-62. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Cimellaro, GP, Reinhorn, AM, Bruneau, M. Framework for analytical quantification of disaster resilience. Eng Struct. 2010;32(11):3639-3649. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.08.008 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klein, RJT, Nicholls, RJ, Thomalla, F. Resilience to natural hazards: How useful is this concept? Environ Hazards. 2003;5(1):35-45. doi: 10.1016/j.hazards.2004.02.001 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mileti, DS. Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Hazards in the United States. Joseph Henry Press; 1999.Google Scholar
Nelson, DR, Adger, WN, Brown, K. Adaptation to environmental change: contributions of a resilience framework. Annu Rev Environ Resour. 2007;32(1):395-419. doi: 10.1146/annurev.energy.32.051807.090348 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, H, Wang, J, Wan, J, Jia, H. Resilience to natural hazards: a geographic perspective. Nat. Hazards. 2009;53(1):21-41. doi: 10.1007/s11069-009-9407-y CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cutter, SL, Barnes, L, Berry, M, Burton, C, et al. A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters. Glob Environ Change. 2008;18(4):598-606. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.07.013 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR). Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters. United Nations: Geneva, Switzerland; 2007.Google Scholar
The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. United Nations: Geneva, Switzerland; 2015.Google Scholar
Pfefferbaum, RL, Pfefferbaum, B, Van Horn, RL, et al. The Communities Advancing Resilience Toolkit (CART). J Public Health Manag Pract. 2013;19(3):250-258. doi: 10.1097/phh.0b013e318268aed8 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kafle, SK. Measuring disaster-resilient communities: a case study of coastal communities in Indonesia. J Bus Contin Emer Plan. 2012;5(4):316-326.Google ScholarPubMed
Orencio, PM, Fujii, M. A localized disaster-resilience index to assess coastal communities based on an analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2013;3:62-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2012.11.006 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayunga, JS. Measuring the Measure: A Multi-dimensional Scale Model to Measure Community Disaster Resilience in the U.S. Gulf Coast Region. [PhD thesis]. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University; 2009. https://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/handle/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-05-769 Google Scholar
Li, J, Xu, W. A study on the traditional rural elastic planning model in Jiangnan. New Architecture. 2008;25(2):66-70. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Jin, XH. Lu, HW. Thinking on the mode of reconstruction of rural community system after Wenchuan earthquake. Public Administration High-Level Forum. 2010;5(2):91-112. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Shang, Z, Liu, X. Discussion on key issues of natural disaster risk management. Disaster Science. 2014. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-811X.2014.02.030 (in Chinese)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, YT. Study on evaluation system and optimization strategy of urban resilient communities from the perspective of earthquake resistance and disaster prevention. Beijing university of technology. 2016. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Peng, L, Tan, J, Lin, L, Xu, DD. Understanding sustainable disaster mitigation of stakeholder engagement: Risk perception, trust in public institutions, and disaster insurance. Sustain Dev. 2019. doi: 10.1002/sd.1948 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joerin, J, Shaw, R, Takeuchi, Y, Krishnamurthy, R. Assessing community resilience to climate-related disasters in Chennai, India. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2012;1:44-54. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2012.05.006 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terpstra, T. Emotions, trust, and perceived risk: Affective and cognitive routes to flood preparedness behavior. Risk Analysis. 2011;31(10):1658-1675. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01616.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xie, X, Xu, L. Overview and theoretical framework of risk perception research. Advances in Psychological Science. 1995;3(2):17-22. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Birkholz, S, Muro, M, Jeffrey, P, Smith, HM. Rethinking the relationship between flood risk perception and flood management. Sci Total Environ. 2014;478:12-20. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.061 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lo, AY, Chan, F. Preparing for flooding in England and Wales: the role of risk perception and the social context in driving individual action. Nat. Hazards. 2017;88(1):367-387. doi: 10.1007/s11069-017-2870-y CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brody, SD, Highfield, WE, Wilson, M, et al. Understanding the motivations of coastal residents to voluntarily purchase federal flood insurance. J Risk Res. 2017;20(6):760-775.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Codreanu, TA, Celenza, A, Jacobs, I. Does disaster education of teenagers translate into better survival knowledge, knowledge of skills, and adaptive behavioral change? A systematic literature review. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2014;29(6):629-642.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faupel, CE, Kelley, SP, Petee, T. The impact of disaster education on household preparedness for Hurricane Hugo. Int J Mass Emerg Disasters. 1992;10(1):5-24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jassempour, K, Shirazi, KK, Fararooei, M, et al. The impact of educational intervention for providing disaster survival kit: Applying precaution adoption process model. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2014;10:374-380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindell, MK, Hwang, SN. Households’ perceived personal risk and responses in a multihazard environment. Risk Analysis. 2008;28(2):539-556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rohrmann, B. Critical assessment of information on bushfire preparedness for residents. Aust J Emerg Manag. 2000;15(1):14.Google Scholar
Bubeck, P, Botzen, WJW, Aerts, JCJH. A Review of Risk Perceptions and Other Factors that Influence Flood Mitigation Behavior. Risk Analysis. 2012;32(9):1481-1495. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01783.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, SK, Lindell, MK, Prater, CS. Who leaves and who stays? a review and statistical meta-analysis of hurricane evacuation studies. Environ Behav. 2016;48(8):991-1029.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindell, MK. North American cities at risk: Household responses to environmental hazards. In: Joffe, H, Rossetto, T, Adams, J, eds. Cities at Risk: Living with Perils in the 21st Century. Springer; 2013:109-130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindell, MK, Perry, RW. Household adjustment to earthquake hazard: a review of research. Environ Behav. 2000;32(4):461-501. doi: 10.1177/00139160021972621 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solberg, C, Rossetto, T, Joffe, H. The social psychology of seismic hazard adjustment: re-evaluating the international literature. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci. 2010;10(8):1663-1677. doi: 10.5194/nhess-10-1663-2010 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, P. Risk society and risk cognition of current Chinese people. Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute. 2010;11(2):83-91. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Xu, D, Yong, Z, Deng, X, et al. Financial preparation, disaster experience, and disaster risk perception of rural households in earthquake-stricken areas: evidence from the Wenchuan and Lushan earthquakes in China’s Sichuan province. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(18): 3345. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16183345 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adger, WN. Social and ecological resilience: are they related? Prog Human Geogr. 2000;24:347-364.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruneau, M, Chang, SE, Eguchi, RT, et al. A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities. Earthq Spectra. 2003;19(4):733-752. doi: 10.1193/1.1623497 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tobin, GA. Sustainability and community resilience: the holy grail of hazards planning? Environ Hazards. 1999;1(1):13-25. doi: 10.3763/ehaz.1999.0103 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lo, AY, Cheung, LTO. Seismic risk perception in the aftermath of Wenchuan earthquakes in Southwestern China. Nat. Hazards. 2015;78(3):1979-1996. doi: 10.1007/s11069-015-1815-6 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pfefferbaum, RL, Pfefferbaum, B, Zhao, YD, et al. Assessing community resilience: A CART survey application in an impoverished urban community. Disaster Health. 2016;3(2):45-56. doi: 10.1080/21665044.2016.1189068 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aldrich, DP. Social capital in post disaster recovery: strong networks and communities create a resilient east Asian community. In: Aldrich, D, Oum, S, Sawada, Y, eds. Resilience and Recovery in Asian Disasters. Springer, Tokyo; 2014:19-34. doi: 10.1007/978-4-431-55022-8_2 Google Scholar
Norris, FH, Stevens, SP, Pfefferbaum, B, et al. Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. Am J Community Psychol. 2007;41(1-2):127-150. doi: 10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cassar, A, Healy, A, von Kessler, C. Trust, risk, and time preferences after a natural disaster: experimental evidence from Thailand. World Dev. 2017;94:90-105. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.12.042 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, X, Yi, L, Zhao, D. Community-based disaster management: a review of progress in China. Nat. Hazards. 2013;65(3):2215-2239. doi: 10.1007/s11069-012-0471-3 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tierney, K, Bevc, C, Kuligowski, E. Metaphors matter: disaster myths, media frames, and their consequences in Hurricane Katrina. Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 2006;604(1):57-81. doi: 10.1177/0002716205285589 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cutter, SL, Burton, CG, Emrich, CT. Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions. J Homel Secur Emerg Manag. 2010;7(1). doi: 10.2202/1547-7355.1732 Google Scholar
Han, Z, Ba, Z, Xin, R, et al. Rural households recovery after disasters: from the sustainable livelihoods perspective. China Population, Resources and Environment. 2016;26(4):158-167. (in Chinese)Google Scholar
Pfefferbaum, RL, Pfefferbaum, B, Nitiéma, P, et al. Assessing community resilience. Am Behav Sci. 2014;59(2):181-199. doi: 10.1177/0002764214550295 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ungar, M. Community resilience for youth and families: Facilitative physical and social capital in contexts of adversity. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2011;33(9):1742-1748. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.04.027 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandra, A, Williams, M, Plough, A, et al. Getting actionable about community resilience: the Los Angeles County community disaster resilience project. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(7):1181-1189. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2013.301270 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xu, DD, Peng, L, Su, CJ, et al. Influences of mass monitoring and mass prevention systems on peasant households’ disaster risk perception in the landslide-threatened Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China. Habitat Int. 2016;58:23-33. doi: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2016.09.003 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lawrence, J, Quade, D, Becker, J. Integrating the effects of flood experience on risk perception with responses to changing climate risk. Nat. Hazards. 2014;74(3):1773-1794. doi: 10.1007/s11069-014-1288-z CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peng, L, Lin, L, Liu, SQ, et al. Interaction between risk perception and sense of place in disaster-prone mountain areas: a case study in China’s Three Gorges Reservoir area. Nat. Hazards. 2017;85(2):777-792. doi: 10.1007/s11069-016-2604-6 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peng, L, Xu, DD, Wang, XX. Vulnerability of rural household livelihood to climate variability and adaptive strategies in landslide-threatened western mountainous regions of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China. Clim Dev. 2019;11(6):469-484. doi: 10.1080/17565529.2018.1445613 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yu, J, Cruz, AM, Hokugo, A. Households’ risk perception and behavioral responses to natech accidents. Int J Disaster Risk Sci. 2017;8(1):5-19. doi: 10.1007/s13753-017-0116-y CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sim, T, Han, Z, Guo, C, et al. Disaster preparedness, perceived community resilience, and place of rural villages in northwest china. Nat Hazards. 2021;108:907-923. doi: 10.1007/s11069-021-04712-x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Antronico, L, Pascale, FD, Coscarelli, R, et al. Landslide risk perception, social vulnerability and community resilience: the case study of Maierato (Calabria, southern Italy). Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2020;46:101529. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101529 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sadeka, S, Mohamad, MS, Sarkar, MSK, et al. Conceptual framework and linkage between social capital and disaster preparedness: a case of Orang Asli families in Malaysia. Soc Indic Res. 2020;150:479-499. doi: 10.1007/s11205-020-02307-w CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Islam, E, Wahab, HA, Benson, OG. Structural and operational factors as determinant of meaningful community participation in sustainable disaster recovery programs: the case of Bangladesh. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct. 2020;50:101710. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101710 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonanno, GA, Brewin, CR, Kaniasty, K, et al. Weighing the costs of disaster: consequences, risks, and resilience in individuals, families, and communities. Psychol Sci Public Interest. 2010;11(1):1-49. doi: 10.1177/1529100610387086 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hyvärinen, J, Vos, M. Developing a conceptual framework for investigating communication supporting community resilience. Societies. 2015;5(3):583-597. doi: 10.3390/soc5030583 CrossRefGoogle Scholar