Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-01T02:27:16.777Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Psychiatric Comorbidity of Internet Addiction in College Students: An Interview Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 November 2014

Abstract

Objective:

This study was aimed to evaluate the association between Internet addiction and depressive disorder, social phobia and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a sample of Taiwanese college students; and examine gender differences in the psychiatric comorbidity of Internet addiction in this student population.

Methods:

Two hundred sixteen college students (132 males, 84 females) were recruited. Internet addiction, major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, social phobia, and adult ADHD of all participants were diagnosed based on psychiatric diagnostic interview.

Results:

This study revealed that adult ADHD and depressive disorders were associated with Internet addiction among college students. However, depressive disorders were associated with Internet addiction in the males but not the females.

Conclusion:

With these results, it seems reasonable to suggest that effective evaluation of, and treatment for, adult ADHD and depressive disorders is required for college students with Internet addiction.

Type
Original Research
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Young, KS. Internet addiction: A new clinical phenomenon and its consequences. Am Behav Sci. 2004;48:402415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Scherer, K. College life on-line: healthy and unhealthy Internet use. Journal of College Student Development. 1997;38:655665.Google Scholar
3. Young, KS. Internet addiction: the emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychol Behav. 1998;1:237244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Morahan-Martin, J, Schumacher, P. Incidence and correlates of pathological internet use among college students. Comput Human Behav. 2000;16:1329.Google Scholar
5. Caplan, SE. Problematic Internet use and psyctiosocial well-being: Development of a theory-based cognitive-behavioral measurement instrument. Comput Human Behav. 2002;18:553575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Shapira, NA, Lessig, MC, Goldsmith, TD, et al. Problematic internet use: proposed classification and diagnostic criteria. Depress Anxiety. 2003;17:207216.Google Scholar
7. Shaffer, HJ, Hall, MN, Vander Bilt, J. “Computer addiction”: a critical consideration. Am J Orthopsychiatiy. 2000;70:162168.Google Scholar
8. Mueser, KT, Drake, RE, Wallach, MA. Dual diagnosis: a review of etiological theories. Addict Behav. 1998;23:717734.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9. de Graaf, R, Bijl, RV, Spijker, J, Beekman, AT, Vollebergh, WA. Temporal sequencing of lifetime mood disorders in relation to comorbid anxiety and substance use disorders—findings from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2003;38:111.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10. Zilberman, ML, Tavares, H, Blume, SB, el-Guebaly, N. Substance use disorders: sex differences and psychiatric comorbidities. Can J Psychiatry. 2003;48:513.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11. Young, KS, Rogers, RC. The relationship between depression and Internet addiction. Cyberpsychol Behav. 1998;1:2528.Google Scholar
12. Ha, JH, Yoo, HJ, Cho, IH, Chin, B, Shin, D, Kim, JH. Psychiatric comorbidity assessed in Korean children and adolescents who screen positive for Internet addiction. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006;67:821826.Google Scholar
13. Kim, K, Ryu, E, Chon, MY, Yeun, EJ, Choi, SY, Seo, JS, et al. Internet addiction in Korean adolescents and its relation to depression and suicidal ideation: a questionnaire survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2006;43:185192.Google Scholar
14. Yoo, HJ, Cho, SC, Ha, J, et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and internet addiction. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004;58:487494.Google Scholar
15. Chak, K, Leung, L. Shyness and locus of control as predictors of internet addiction and internet use. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2004;7:559570.Google Scholar
16. Ko, CH, Yen, JY, Chen, CC, Chen, SH, Yen, CF. Gender differences and related factors affecting online gaming addiction among Taiwanese adolescents. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2005;193:273277.Google Scholar
17. Yen, CF, Chong, MY. Comorbid psychiatric disorders, sex, and methamphetamine use in adolescents: a case-control study. Compr Psychiatry. 2006;47:215220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18. Ko, CH, Yen, JY, Chen, SH, Yang, MJ, Lin, HC, Yang, CF. Proposed Diagnostic Criteria and the Screening and Diagnosing Tool of Internet Addiction in College Students. Compr Psychiatry. In press.Google Scholar
19. Sheehan, DV, Lecrubier, Y, Sheehan, KH, et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59(suppl 20):2233.Google Scholar
20. Kessler, RC, Aguilar-Gaxiola, S, Andrade, L, et al. Cross-national comparisons of comorbidities between substance use disorders and mental disorders: results from the International Consortium in Psychiatric Epidemiology. In: Sloboda, Z, Bukoski, WJ, eds. Handbook for Drug Abuse Prevention: Theory, Science, and Practice. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers; 2003:447472.Google Scholar
21. Kaufman, J, Birmaher, B, Brent, D, et al. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36:980988.Google Scholar
22. Castellanos, FX, Tannock, R. Neuroscience of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the search for endophenotypes. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002;3:617628.Google Scholar
23. Koepp, MJ, Gunn, RN, Lawrence, AD, et al. Evidence for striatal dopamine release during a video game. Nature. 1998;393:266268.Google Scholar
24. Shaw, R, Grayson, A, Lewis, V. Inhibition, ADHD, and computer games: the inhibitory performance of children with ADHD on computerized tasks and games. J Atten Disord. 2005;8:160168.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25. Rubia, K, Smith, AB, Brammer, MJ, Toone, B, Taylor, E. Abnormal brain activation during inhibition and error detection in medication-naive adolescents with ADHD. Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162:10671075.Google Scholar
26. Downey, KK, Stelson, FW, Pomerleau, OF, Giordani, B. Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: psychological test profiles in a clinical population. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1997;185:3238.Google Scholar
27. Lin, SSJ, Tsai, CC. Sensation seeking and internet dependence of Taiwanese high school adolescents. Comput Human Behav. 2002;18:411426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28. Kraut, R, Patterson, M, Lundmark, V, Kiesler, S, Mukopadhyay, T, Scherlis, W. Internet paradox. A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well-being? Am Psychol. 1998;53:10171031.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29. Kraut, R, Kiesler, S, Boneva, B, Cummings, J, Helgeson, V, Crawford, A. Internet paradox revisited. J Soc Issues. 2002;58:4974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30. Whang, LS, Lee, S, Chang, G. Internet over-users' psychological profiles: a behavior sampling analysis on internet addiction. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2003;6:143150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31. Shepherd, RM, Edelmann, RJ. Reasons for internet use and social anxiety. Pers Individ Dif. 2005;39:949958.Google Scholar
32. Lo, SK, Wang, CC, Fang, W. Physical interpersonal relationships and social anxiety among online game players. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2005;8:1520.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33. Daughtry, D, Paulk, DL. Gender Differences in Depression-Related Coping Patterns. Counseling & Clinical Psychology Journal. 2006;3:4759.Google Scholar
34. Wong, WCW, Wing-King, L, Shun Tung, BL. Are Chinese men less susceptible to anxiety and depression? A community-based cross-sectional survey from Hong Kong. J Mens Health Gend. 2006;3:152159.Google Scholar
35. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder (revision). American Psychiatric Association. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157:145.Google Scholar
36. Biederman, J, Mick, E, Surman, C, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of OROS methylphenidate in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2006;59:829835 Google Scholar