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Short-term hydrothermal effects on the ‘crystallinities’ of illite and chlorite in the footwall of the Aachen-Faille du Midi thrust fault — First results of the RWTH-1 drilling project

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Sven Sindern ,
Helge Stanjek ,
Christoph Hilgers  and
Yvonne Etoundi
Sven Sindern*
Affiliation:
Institute of Mineralogy and Economic Geology, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstrasse 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany
Helge Stanjek
Affiliation:
Clay and Interface Mineralogy, RWTH Aachen University, Wüllnerstrasse 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany
Christoph Hilgers
Affiliation:
Lehr und Forschungsgebiet Geologie und Endogene Dynamik, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
Yvonne Etoundi
Affiliation:
Ministère de l’Industrie, des Mines et du Développment Technologie - CAPM - BP. 15620, Yaoundé, Cameroon
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: sindern@rwth-aachen.de
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Abstract

Investigation of material from three core sections of the RWTH-1 drill-hole in the Wurm syncline of Aachen, Germany, shows mineralogical and structural evidence of intensive hydrothermal activity in the footwall of the Aachen thrust. Mineral and microstructural data indicate minimum temperatures of 200–250°C. CISillite 001 values of 0.45–0.61 (Δ°2θ) and insignificant amounts of smectite indicate a late diagenetic grade for illite pointing to temperatures <200°C. Chlorite, mainly formed in veins and cleavage planes, has CISchlorite 002 values between 0.35 and 0.26 (Δ°2θ) which only in part point to anchizonal grade. In contrast to these illite and chlorite data, maximum temperatures up to 370°C can be expected based on comparison with recently published fluid inclusion and mineral thermometric data. Illite is neither significantly affected by the hydrothermal event nor by deformation, and mirrors the burial history of the Wurm syncline.

Chlorite grew syntectonically as is shown by bent and predominantly stretched sheets which do not, however, have deformed structures. Syntectonic hydrothermal growth by incipient nucleation along crystal edges limited domainsize and thus also the CISchlorite 002 values. The hydrothermal event did not last long enough to allow further crystal growth. The retarded CISillite and CISchlorite grades can be best explained by limited duration(probably <5000 y) of the hydrothermal event which for a short time reached epithermal temperatures. The hydrothermal fluid flow was caused by dewatering of sedimentary rocks during thrusting and tectonic thickening within the Variscan orogen and it was focused along the Aachen thrust which represents the frontal Variscan thrust.

Keywords

AachenChloriteCISCrystallinityFluid FlowHydrothermalIlliteIntegral BreadthVariscan OrogenyWurm Syncline
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 55 , Issue 2 , April 2007 , pp. 200 - 212
Copyright
Copyright © 2007, The Clay Minerals Society

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