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Nature of the Illitic Phase Associated with Randomly Interstratified Smectite/Illite in Soils

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

D. A. Laird  and
E. A. Nater
D. A. Laird
Affiliation:
D. A. Laird, USDA-ARS, National Soil Tilth Laboratory 2150 Pammel Drive, Ames, Iowa 50011
E. A. Nater
Affiliation:
E. A. Nater, Department of Soil Science, University of Minnesota 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
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Abstract

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A dispersion-centrifugation-decantation procedure was used to isolate various particle size fractions from a sample of clay (<2 µm fraction) separated by sedimentation from the Ap horizon of a Webster soil (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Haplaquoll). The 0.02–0.06 µm size fraction was found to be enriched in an illitic phase associated with randomly interstratified smectite/illite. X-ray powder diffraction, chemical analysis, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy confirmed that most of the illitic material in the 0.02–0.06 µm size fraction was composed of two-layer elementary illite particles with a layer charge of −0.47 per formula unit. The results demonstrate that this low-charge illitic phase can be physically separated from soil materials and that the low-charge illitic phase has chemical, morphological, and mineralogical properties that are uniquely different from those of smectite and illite.

Keywords

Chemical analysisElementary particleHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyIlliteInterstratifiedSmectiteSmectite/illite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 41 , Issue 3 , June 1993 , pp. 280 - 287
Copyright
Copyright © 1993, The Clay Minerals Society

Footnotes

*

Joint contribution of the USDA-ARS and the Minnesota Agricultural Experimental Station. Paper 19,786 of the Scientific Journal Series.

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