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Growth of Clay Minerals in Natural and Synthetic Glasses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Kazue Tazaki ,
W. S. Fyfe  and
S. J. van der Gaast
Kazue Tazaki
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Shimane University, Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane Japan 690
W. S. Fyfe
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
S. J. van der Gaast
Affiliation:
Netherland Institute for Sea Research, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands
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Abstract

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High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has shown regions of crystallites within noncrystalline matrices of three types of glass (volcanic glass, alkalic igneous glass, and synthetic, nuclear-waste-form glass) The volcanic glass fragments showed domains having 3-Å spacings. About 30% of the fragments of this glass showed localized lattice images, having spacings of 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16, 19, and 20 Å, which also contain regular fringes having 3.3-Å separations. In the alkalic igneous glass fragments 3-Å domain structures were also noted as were localized lattice images having 7- and 12.5-Å spacings. Well-developed hollow spheres of primitive clays were present in both the volcanic and alkalic igneous glasses. Synthetic, nuclear-waste-foTm glass, fused at 1400°C and annealed at 550°C, showed locally ordered regions having 3.3-Å spacings. Low-angle X-ray powder diffraction showed major reflections at 8.5, 15–16, and 19 Å, which agree with some of the HRTEM measurements. These observations of domain structures, localized lattice images, primitive clays, and 14-Å clays in such noncrystalline glass matrices may contribute to an understanding of the growth of clay minerals. Such domains can apparently trigger the growth of clay products on the glass substrate.

Keywords

CrystallizationDomain structureGlassHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopyNoncrystallinePrimitive clay
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 37 , Issue 4 , August 1989 , pp. 348 - 354
Copyright
Copyright © 1989, The Clay Minerals Society

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