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Swelling behaviour of montmorillonite by poly-6-amide

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

Y. Fukushima ,
A. Okada ,
M. Kawasumi ,
T. Kurauchi  and
O. Kamigaito
Y. Fukushima
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
A. Okada
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
M. Kawasumi
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
T. Kurauchi
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
O. Kamigaito
Affiliation:
Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories Inc., 41-1 Yokomichi, Nagakute, Nagakute-cho, Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-11, Japan
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Abstract

Intercalated compounds of montmorillonite and poly-6-amide were prepared by heating mixtures of ɛ-caprolactam and 5, 10, 15 and 30 wt% of montmorillonite, cation-exchanged with NH3+(CH2)11COOH, at 250°C in a nitrogen atmosphere, and examined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and elemental analysis. ɛ-caprolactam was polymerized to poly-6-amide by the heat treatment. The mean number-average molecular weight decreased from 3·6 × 104 to 0·8 × 104 with increasing montmorillonite content. TEM showed that considerable swelling had taken place subsequent to polymerization and that the clay layers were uniformly distributed in the final clay/poly-6-amide products. Both XRD and TEM showed that the basal spacing of the compound increased from 51 Å to 210 Å with increasing polyamide content. The driving force for the swelling was considered to be a combination of the polymerization energy of ɛ-caprolactam and the attractive interaction between the interlayer cation and ɛ-caprolactam.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , March 1988 , pp. 27 - 34
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1988

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