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Clinical implications of mitral valve geometric alterations in children with dilated cardiomyopathy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 December 2015

Taiyu Hayashi ,
Ryo Inuzuka ,
Takahiro Shindo ,
Hiroshi Ono ,
Yukihiro Kaneko  and
Hitoshi Kato
Taiyu Hayashi*
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, National Center for Child Health and Development, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Ryo Inuzuka
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Takahiro Shindo
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Hiroshi Ono
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, National Center for Child Health and Development, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Yukihiro Kaneko
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
Hitoshi Kato
Affiliation:
Division of Cardiology, National Center for Child Health and Development, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
*
Correspondence to: T. Hayashi, MD, National Center for Child Health and Development, Division of Cardiology, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 1578535, Japan. Tel: +81 3 3416 0181; Fax: +81 3 3416 2222; E-mail: taiyuhayashi@gmail.com
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Abstract

We aimed to elucidate the relationship between severity of secondary mitral regurgitation and mitral valve geometry in children with dilated cardiomyopathy. The medical records of 16 children with dilated cardiomyopathy (median age, 1.2 years; range, 0.4–12.3 years) were reviewed. Mitral valve geometry was evaluated by measuring coaptation depth using echocardiographic apical four-chamber views at the initial presentation. Patients were dichotomised according to the mitral regurgitation severity: patients with moderate or severe secondary mitral regurgitation (n=6) and those with mild secondary mitral regurgitation (n=10). A total of 58 healthy children were considered as normal controls, and a regression equation to predict coaptation depth by body surface area was derived: coaptation depth [mm]=4.37+1.34×ln (body surface area [m2]) (residual standard error, 0.49; adjusted R2, 0.68; p<0.0001). Compared with patients with mild secondary mitral regurgitation, those with moderate or severe secondary mitral regurgitation had significantly larger coaptation depth z-scores (6.4±2.3 versus 1.9±1.4, p<0.005), larger mitral annulus diameter z-scores (3.6±2.6 versus 0.9±1.8, p<0.05), higher left ventricular sphericity index (0.89±0.07 versus 0.79±0.06, p<0.005), and greater left ventricular fraction shortening (0.15±0.05 versus 0.09±0.05, p<0.05). In conclusion, geometric alteration in the mitral valve and the left ventricle is associated with the severity of secondary mitral regurgitation in paediatric dilated cardiomyopathy, which would provide a theoretical background to surgical intervention for secondary mitral regurgitation in paediatric populations.

Keywords

Dilated cardiomyopathymitral regurgitationcoaptation depthchildren
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 26 , Issue 7 , October 2016 , pp. 1365 - 1372
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2015 

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