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Cerebrospinal Fluid IL-21 Levels in Neuromyelitis Optica and Multiple Sclerosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2014

Aimin Wu ,
Xiaonan Zhong ,
Honghao Wang ,
Wen Xu ,
Chen Cheng ,
Yongqiang Dai ,
Jian Bao ,
Wei Qiu ,
Zhengqi Lu  and
Xueqiang Hu
Aimin Wu
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Xiaonan Zhong
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Honghao Wang
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Wen Xu
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Chen Cheng
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Yongqiang Dai
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Jian Bao
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Wei Qiu
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Zhengqi Lu
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
Xueqiang Hu*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
*
Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China. email: huxueqiangzssy@yahoo.com.cn
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Abstract

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Background:

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are inflammatory demyelinating diseases of human central nervous system (CNS) with complex pathogenesis. IL-21/IL-21R regulates activation, proliferation and survival of both T cells and B cells, which are involved in the pathogenesis of NMO and MS. High levels of serum IL-21 were observed in NMO patients. However, concentration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-21 in MS and NMO patients still remain unknown.

Object:

To detect the CSF concentration of IL-21 in NMO and MS patients and to evaluate its relationship with disease activity, particularly concerned about its impact on humoral immunity.

Methods:

CSF IL-21 was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in NMO patients (n=21), MS patients (n=20) and controls (n=16).

Results:

CSF concentration of the IL-21 was noticeably elevated in NMO (p=0.012) and borderline significantly increased in MS (p=0.115). In addition, this occurrence was associated with humoral immune activity as shown by a correlation between IL-21 and complement in NMO cohort (p=0.023) and high IL-21 levels in autoantibody-positive subgroup (p=0.027).

Conclusions:

The concentration of CSF IL-21 was noticeably elevated and might have a positive correlation with humoral immune activity in NMO.

Résumé

RÉSUMÉContexte:

La neuromyélite optique (NMO) et la sclérose en plaques (SP) sont des maladies démyélinisantes inflammatoires du système nerveux central (SNC) humain dont la pathogenèse est complexe. IL-21/IL-21R régule l'activation, la prolifération et la survie des cellules T et des cellules B qui sont impliquées dans la pathogenèse de la NMO et de la SP. Des taux sériques élevés d'IL-21 ont été observés chez des patients atteints de NMO. Cependant, la concentration d'IL-21 dans le liquide céphalo-rachidien (LCR) de patients atteints de SP ou de NMO demeure inconnue.

Objectif:

Le but de l'étude était de déterminer la concentration d'IL-21 dans le LCR de patients atteints de NMO ou de SP et d'évaluer sa relation à l'activité de la maladie, particulièrement en ce qui a trait à son impact sur l'activité immunitaire humorale.

Méthode:

L'IL-21 dans le LCR a été identifié par ELISA chez 21 patients atteints de NMO, 20 patients atteints de SP et 16 sujets témoins.

Résultats:

La concentration d'IL-21 dans le LCR était sensiblement élevée chez les patients atteints de NMO (p = 0,012) et limite chez les patients atteints de SP (p = 0,115). De plus, ceci était associé à une activité immunitaire humorale comme le démontre la corrélation entre IL-21 et le complément dans la cohorte de patients atteints de NMO (p = 0,023) et un niveau élevé d'IL-21 dans le sous-groupe de patients possédant des autoanticorps (p = 0,027).

Conclusions:

La concentration d'IL-21 dans le LCR était sensiblement élevée chez les patients atteints de NMO et pourrait avoir une corrélation positive avec l'activité immunitaire humorale.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 39 , Issue 6 , November 2012 , pp. 813 - 820
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Journal of Neurological 2012

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