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Life history traits of Coccophagus gossypariae (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of invasive Eriococcus spurius (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in field studies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2020

Caitlin Mader Open the ORCID record for Caitlin Mader [Opens in a new window] ,
Jim Watts  and
Nadir Erbilgin
Caitlin Mader*
Affiliation:
Department of Renewable Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Life & Environmental Sciences, 4-42 Earth Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E3
Jim Watts
Affiliation:
City of Calgary Urban Conservation Unit, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Nadir Erbilgin
Affiliation:
Department of Renewable Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Life & Environmental Sciences, 4-42 Earth Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E3
*
*Corresponding author. Email: cmader@ualberta.ca
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Abstract

Eriococcus spurius (Modeer) (Hemiptera: Eriociccidae) is a pest of American elm (Ulmus americana Linnaeus; Ulmaceae) trees in western North America, but no effective biological control agent has been reported. This study took place in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, where urban American elms have been heavily and negatively impacted by E. spurius. Although the parasitoid Coccophagus gossypariae Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) was recovered from an E. spurius infested American elm in Calgary, little is known about its ecology. Prior to implementing biological control, the basic ecology of a candidate species must be understood. We documented the geographic establishment, sex ratios, and parasitism rate of C. gossyparaie on its host within the study area. Coccophagus gossypariae had established at 89% of study trees sampled and accounted for 98% of the parasitoids caught. They had a female-biased sex ratio of 13.7 females per male, and both males and females developed to maturity using the host. We found evidence of a highly consistent aversion to superparasitism by females in the field. This first investigation established a baseline of information on field populations of C. gossypariae that could lead to biological control of E. spurius.

Type
Research Papers
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 152 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 169 - 182
Copyright
© 2020 Entomological Society of Canada

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Footnotes

Subject editor: Roselyne Labbé

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