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Dispersal of adult Colorado potato beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on plant models

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2012

Gilles Boiteau  and
Pamela MacKinley
Gilles Boiteau*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Potato Research Center, 850 Lincoln Road, PO Box 20280, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 4Z7
Pamela MacKinley
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Potato Research Center, 850 Lincoln Road, PO Box 20280, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 4Z7
*
1Corresponding author (e-mail: gilles.boiteau@agr.gc.ca).
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Abstract

Five artificial plant models mimicking potato plants, each having different and increasing numbers of structural components, were used to observe individual adult Colorado potato beetles (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say); Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) over a period of 6 hours. The objective was to determine if plant architecture affected residency time, within plant dispersal, and distribution of the species. The number of transitions between sections, the time spent on each section, the residency time on each model, and the proportion of individuals walking off were recorded. Results showed a positive relationship between the proportion of beetles remaining after 6 hours and the number of connections on respective models. The unexpectedly long residency on all but the simplest model in spite of the absence of food indicates that architectural complexity had an impact on beetle retention. Dispersal activity and residency time were heavily skewed towards the top of models. Beetles exposed to positive light gradients of different intensities and a negative light gradient showed that a phototactic response could explain much of the dispersal pattern to the upper model sections. Results show that manipulation of plant structure remains an option for managing the beetle but will require further research on the contribution of heterogeneity and scale to residency time.

Résumé

Cinq modèles de plantes artificielles imitant les plantes de pomme de terre, chacun ayant des nombres différents et croissant de composantes structurelles, ont été utilisés pour observer les adultes du doryphore de la pomme de terre (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say); Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) sur des périodes de 6 heures. L'objectif était de déterminer si l'architecture des plantes affectait le temps de résidence, la dispersion au sein des plantes, et la distribution de l'espèce. Le nombre de transitions entre les sections, le temps passé sur chaque section, le temps de séjour sur chaque modèle et la proportion des insectes abandonnant le modèle ont été enregistrés. Les résultats ont montré une relation positive entre la proportion de doryphores qui restaient après 6 heures et le nombre de connexions sur chacun des modèles. La longue durée inattendue du temps de résidence sur la plupart des modèles en dépit de l'absence de nourriture indique que la complexité architecturale a eu un impact sur la rétention du doryphore. L'activité de dispersion et le temps de séjour étaient fortement biaisés vers le haut des modèles. L'exposition de doryphores à des gradients de lumière positifs de différentes intensités et un gradient de lumière négatif démontra que la réponse phototactique est probablement responsable de leur dispersion vers les sections supérieures du modèle. Les résultats montrent que la manipulation de la structure des plantes demeure une option pour la gestion du doryphore mais qu'il faudra d'abord poursuivre les recherches sur la contribution de l'hétérogénéité et de la taille sur le temps de séjour.

Type
Behaviour & Ecology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 145 , Issue 1 , February 2013 , pp. 20 - 28
Copyright
Copyright © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2013

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